OBJECTIVE Victimization is common in adolescence and is associated with negative outcomes, including school failure, and poor emotional, behavioral, and physical health. A deeper understanding of the risk of victimization can inform prevention and intervention efforts. This study tests the risky behavior model in adolescents, examining prospective associations between mean levels of and changes in delinquency and risk for victimization over four annual data collections. METHOD Low-income adolescent (53.6% female; M age = 12.13 years, SD = 1.62 years; 91.9% African American) and maternal caregiver dyads (N = 358) residing in urban neighborhoods in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States that had moderate-to-high levels of violence and/or poverty completed separate annual home interviews for 4 years. Maternal caregivers reported on adolescents' delinquent behavior; adolescents reported on their victimization by community violence experiences. RESULTS Using a latent difference score model, results supported the risky behavior model for the first 2 years, but not the final data collection period. That is, levels of and changes in delinquent behavior were associated with more victimization by community violence at the subsequent time point for the first 2 study years. In contrast, there was no evidence for the opposite, specifically that victimization by community violence predicted delinquency. CONCLUSION Knowing that both levels of delinquency and increases in delinquency place youth at heightened risk for victimization by community violence provides impetus to intervene. Screening for increases in delinquency among youth may be one way to target youth at high risk for victimization by community violence for fast-tracked intervention.

中文翻译：

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青少年犯罪与随后的社区暴力受害有关吗？在主要是非裔美国人样本中的风险行为模型测试。

目标 受害在青春期很常见，并与负面结果相关，包括学业失败以及情绪、行为和身体健康状况不佳。对受害风险的更深入了解可以为预防和干预工作提供信息。本研究测试了青少年的风险行为模型，检查了四次年度数据收集中犯罪的平均水平和变化与受害风险之间的前瞻性关联。方法 居住在美国中大西洋地区城市社区的低收入青少年（53.6% 女性；M 年龄 = 12.13 岁，SD = 1.62 岁；91.9% 非裔美国人）和母亲照顾者二人组（N = 358）有中度至高度暴力和/或贫困的人完成了为期 4 年的单独年度家庭访谈。母亲照顾者报告了青少年的犯罪行为；青少年报告了他们因社区暴力经历而受害的情况。结果 使用潜在差异评分模型，结果支持前 2 年的风险行为模型，但不支持最终数据收集期。也就是说，在前 2 个研究年的后续时间点，犯罪行为的水平和变化与更多的社区暴力受害有关。相比之下，没有相反的证据，特别是社区暴力的受害预示着犯罪。结论 知道犯罪水平和犯罪增加都会使青年面临更高的社区暴力受害风险，这为干预提供了动力。