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Distance-Based Paper Device for a Naked-Eye Albumin-to-Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio Assay
ACS Sensors ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 , DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01058
Kamonchanok Phoonsawat 1 , Kawin Khachornsakkul 1 , Nalin Ratnarathorn 1 , Charles S Henry 2 , Wijitar Dungchai 1, 3
Affiliation  

The albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) has been a cancer prognostic indicator. This paper presents the concept of a dual-color change distance-based paper device (dPAD) for albumin (Alb) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection to evaluate this cancer prognostic index. Whereas Alb interacts with the bromocresol green (BCG) indicator to form a bluish-green complex, ALP hydrolyzes l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AAP) to produce ascorbic acid (AA), which reacts with KIO3 to generate I2 and I. I2/I reacts with silver hexagonal nanoprisms (purple color) in the presence of Cu2+, resulting in a color change from purple to colorless. The distance of the color change from yellow to the bluish-green and purple to colorless correlates to Alb and ALP concentration, respectively. The angle index for the AAPR is then defined by drawing a straight line that connects the tops of the two changed band lengths in the detection area. The highest bluish-green color band length on the Alb region is the midpoint, which is the position set of the protractor at 0°, and the angle is measured using a simple protractor. The results indicate that an AAPR below 0.57 will have an angle greater than 40° and correlates with a risk factor for lung cancer. The naked-eye detection limits for Alb and ALP were found to be 0.8 g/L and 5 U/L (n = 10), respectively. The practical application of the developed dPAD was successfully demonstrated by Alb and ALP analysis in human serum and validated against standard methods. The proposed method does not require incubation conditions for the ALP assay, which strongly reduces the overall analysis steps and time. Moreover, our device provides a low-cost, simple, sensitive, selective, accurate, and precise determination of the AAPR.

中文翻译:

用于裸眼白蛋白与碱性磷酸酶比率测定的基于距离的纸装置

白蛋白与碱性磷酸酶比值 (AAPR) 已成为癌症预后指标。本文提出了一种基于双色变化距离的纸装置 (dPAD) 的概念,用于检测白蛋白 (Alb) 和碱性磷酸酶 (ALP),以评估该癌症预后指数。Alb 与溴甲酚绿 (BCG) 指示剂相互作用形成蓝绿色复合物,ALP 水解l-抗坏血酸-2-磷酸 (AAP) 产生抗坏血酸 (AA),后者与 KIO 3反应生成 I 2和我——。I 2 /I 在 Cu 2+存在下与银六边形纳米棱柱(紫色)反应,导致颜色从紫色变为无色。颜色从黄色变为蓝绿色和紫色变为无色的距离分别与 Alb 和 ALP 浓度相关。然后通过绘制一条直线来定义 AAPR 的角度指数,该直线连接检测区域中两个变化的条带长度的顶部。Alb 区域最高的蓝绿色色带长度为中点,即量角器在 0° 时的位置设置,使用简单量角器测量角度。结果表明,低于 0.57 的 AAPR 将具有大于 40° 的角度,并且与肺癌的危险因素相关。发现 Alb 和 ALP 的肉眼检测限为 0.8 g/L 和 5 U/L ( n= 10),分别。人血清中的 Alb 和 ALP 分析成功证明了开发的 dPAD 的实际应用,并根据标准方法进行了验证。所提出的方法不需要 ALP 检测的孵育条件,这大大减少了整体分析步骤和时间。此外,我们的设备提供了低成本、简单、灵敏、选择性、准确和精确的 AAPR 测定。
更新日期:2021-08-27
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