ABSTRACT

An on-vineyard approach was used to investigate effects of the biodynamic preparations horn manure and horn silica (BD) on the soil structure in five vineyards on different bedrocks and that had been under organic management for different time periods. The underlying hypothesis was that the effects of the biodynamic preparations increase aggregate stability and improve soil structure. The results showed that soil aggregate stability during wet sieving was not different in the treatment with biodynamic preparations (BD+), compared with that without preparations (BD-). Based on visual evaluation (VESS), improvements in soil structure in the BD+ treatment, compared with BD-, were not significant for macropores/biopores, drop test topsoil or subsoil colour, but significant improvements were observed in drop test subsoil (p = 0.009), topsoil colour (p < 0.000), root penetration (p = 0. 017), structure of surface (stable aggregates, little encrustation, p = 0.006), structure of topsoil (p = 0.030), structure of subsoil (p < 0.000) and the colour change from topsoil to subsoil was at a greater depth (p = 0.049). Based on previously reported results showing significant changes in the microbial activity in soil from the BD+ treatment, using the same soil samples, it was thought possible that the observed differences in soil structure between BD+ and BD- were linked to the differences in the microbial activity.

摘要

使用葡萄园内方法研究了生物动力制剂牛角粪和牛角二氧化硅 (BD) 对不同基岩上的五个葡萄园土壤结构的影响，这些葡萄园已经在不同的时间段进行了有机管理。潜在的假设是生物动力制剂的作用增加了聚集体的稳定性并改善了土壤结构。结果表明，湿筛期间土壤团聚体稳定性在生物动力制剂处理（BD+）与未处理（BD-）相比没有差异。根据视觉评估 (VESS)，与 BD- 相比，BD+ 处理中土壤结构的改善对于大孔/生物孔、跌落测试表土或底土颜色不显着，但在跌落测试底土中观察到显着改善（p= 0.009)、表土颜色 ( p < 0.000)、根部穿透 ( p = 0. 017)、表面结构（稳定聚集体、很少结壳，p = 0.006）、表土结构（p = 0.030）、底土结构（p < 0.000）并且从表土到底土的颜色变化在更大的深度（p = 0.049）。基于先前报道的结果显示 BD+ 处理后土壤中的微生物活性发生显着变化，使用相同的土壤样品，认为观察到的 BD+ 和 BD- 之间土壤结构的差异可能与微生物活性的差异有关.