Background: Feedback from patients is an essential element of a patient-oriented health care system. Physician rating websites (PRWs) are a key way patients can provide feedback online. This study analyzes an entire decade of online ratings for all medical specialties on a German PRW. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine how ratings posted on a German PRW have developed over the past decade. In particular, it aimed to explore (1) the distribution of ratings according to time-related aspects (year, month, day of the week, and hour of the day) between 2010 and 2019, (2) the number of physicians with ratings, (3) the average number of ratings per physician, (4) the average rating, (5) whether differences exist between medical specialties, and (6) the characteristics of the patients rating physicians. Methods: All scaled-survey online ratings that were posted on the German PRW jameda between 2010 and 2019 were obtained. Results: In total, 1,906,146 ratings were posted on jameda between 2010 and 2019 for 127,921 physicians. The number of rated physicians increased constantly from 19,305 in 2010 to 82,511 in 2018. The average number of ratings per rated physicians increased from 1.65 (SD 1.56) in 2010 to 3.19 (SD 4.69) in 2019. Overall, 75.2% (1,432,624/1,906,146) of all ratings were in the best rating category of “very good,” and 5.7% (107,912/1,906,146) of the ratings were in the lowest category of “insufficient.” However, the mean of all ratings was 1.76 (SD 1.53) on the German school grade 6-point rating scale (1 being the best) with a relatively constant distribution over time. General practitioners, internists, and gynecologists received the highest number of ratings (343,242, 266,899, and 232,914, respectively). Male patients, those of higher age, and those covered by private health insurance gave significantly (P<.001) more favorable evaluations compared to their counterparts. Physicians with a lower number of ratings tended to receive ratings across the rating scale, while physicians with a higher number of ratings tended to have better ratings. Physicians with between 21 and 50 online ratings received the lowest ratings (mean 1.95, SD 0.84), while physicians with >100 ratings received the best ratings (mean 1.34, SD 0.47). Conclusions: This study is one of the most comprehensive analyses of PRW ratings to date. More than half of all German physicians have been rated on jameda each year since 2016, and the overall average number of ratings per rated physicians nearly doubled over the decade. Nevertheless, we could also observe a decline in the number of ratings over the last 2 years. Future studies should investigate the most recent development in the number of ratings on both other German and international PRWs as well as reasons for the heterogeneity in online ratings by medical specialty.

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中文翻译：

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十年在线患者反馈：德国医师评级网站数据的纵向分析

背景：来自患者的反馈是面向患者的医疗保健系统的基本要素。医师评级网站 (PRW) 是患者在线提供反馈的重要方式。这项研究分析了德国 PRW 上所有医学专业整整十年的在线评分。目的：本研究的目的是检查德国 PRW 上发布的评级在过去十年中的发展情况。特别是，它旨在探索（1）根据时间相关方面（年、月、星期几和一天中的小时）的评分分布，（2）有评分的医生数量，（3）每位医生的平均评分数，（4）平均评分，（5）医学专业之间是否存在差异，以及（6）患者评分医生的特征。方法：获得了 2010 年至 2019 年间在德国 PRW jameda 上发布的所有按比例调查的在线评级。结果：2010 年至 2019 年间，共有 1,906,146 条评分发布在 jameda 上，共有 127,921 名医生。受评医师数量从 2010 年的 19,305 人不断增加到 2018 年的 82,511 人。每位受评医师的平均评分数从 2010 年的 1.65 (SD 1.56) 增加到 2019 年的 3.19 (SD 4.69)。总体而言，75.2% (1,432,624/1,906,146) ) 的所有评级都属于“非常好”的最佳评级类别，5.7% (107,912/1,906,146) 的评级属于“不足”的最低类别。然而，在德国学校 6 分等级评定量表中，所有等级的平均值为 1.76（标准差 1.53）（1 为最佳），随着时间的推移，分布相对恒定。全科医生、内科医生、妇科医生的评分最高（分别为 343,242、266,899 和 232,914）。与同行相比，男性患者、年龄较大的患者和参加私人医疗保险的患者给予显着（P<.001）更有利的评价。评级数量较少的医生倾向于在整个评级量表中获得评级，而评级数量较多的医生往往获得更好的评级。在线评分在 21 到 50 之间的医生获得的评分最低（平均 1.95，SD 0.84），而评分超过 100 的医生获得的评分最高（平均 1.34，SD 0.47）。结论：这项研究是迄今为止对 PRW 评级最全面的分析之一。自 2016 年以来，每年有超过一半的德国医生被评为 jameda，在过去十年中，每位受评医生的总体平均评分几乎翻了一番。尽管如此，我们也可以观察到过去 2 年的评级数量有所下降。未来的研究应调查其他德国和国际 PRW 评分数量的最新发展，以及医学专业在线评分异质性的原因。

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