ABSTRACT

Rutherford developed his revolutionary model of the atom based on experiments using helium nuclei scattered by a thin gold foil. In this paper, we review the measurements of the size of the helium nucleus, focusing on spectroscopic techniques. We touch on the ‘proton radius puzzle’ that has incited a great deal of interest in high-resolution spectroscopy of the most fundamental atoms. We find that for an absolute value of the size of the helium nucleus, the theoretical advance that will give a new determination is just around the corner.

中文翻译：

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氦核的大小：过去和现在

摘要

卢瑟福基于使用由薄金箔散射的氦核的实验开发了他的革命性原子模型。在本文中，我们回顾了氦核大小的测量，重点是光谱技术。我们触及了“质子半径之谜”，它激发了人们对最基本原子的高分辨率光谱学的极大兴趣。我们发现，对于氦原子核大小的绝对值，给出新确定的理论进展指日可待。