Vehicles can be easily swept away by floodwaters once the flow velocity and depth reach certain critical limits, with probabilities toward fatality reported to be nearly 50%. Therefore, understanding the response of the flooded vehicle is necessary in preparing safety guidelines and controlling the risks. In the present work, the hydrodynamic forces on an actual full-scale passenger vehicle being partially submerged and exposed to subcritical flows were investigated. This is one of the earliest works at the present time involving a full-scale vehicle being tested at two orientations, 90° and 0° and two situations, static and in movement. The drag coefficients were plotted against the Froude number among other hydrodynamic forces. The experimental outcomes revealed that the vehicle positioned at 90° orientation with respect to the incoming flows was the critical orientation for both vehicle situations. This is consistent with previous studies based on scale model cars. Besides, drag forces increased significantly with the increment of flow velocity, Froude number, and vehicle speed. Particularly, the flow depth had an accountable effect on the buoyancy, friction, rolling, and driving forces. Under hydrostatic conditions, the vehicle experienced floating instability at 0.40 m water depth when imposed to an approximate of 11 kN buoyancy force. Experimental outcomes originated from a full-scale vehicle such as this contribute to new knowledge in supplementing and validating results obtained from the most frequent scaled-model physical testing and numerical modeling. Outcomes obtained from this study will be beneficial in developing a proper safety guideline for vehicle safety.

一旦流速和深度达到某些临界极限，车辆很容易被洪水冲走，据报道死亡概率接近 50%。因此，了解浸水车辆的反应对于制定安全指南和控制风险是必要的。在目前的工作中，研究了部分浸没并暴露于亚临界流的实际全尺寸乘用车上的水动力。这是目前最早的工作之一，涉及在两个方向（90° 和 0°）以及静态和运动两种情况下对全尺寸车辆进行测试。阻力系数与其他流体动力中的弗劳德数作图。实验结果表明，车辆相对于流入流定位在 90° 方向是两种车辆情况的关键方向。这与之前基于比例模型汽车的研究一致。此外，阻力随着流速、弗劳德数和车速的增加而显着增加。特别是，流动深度对浮力、摩擦力、滚动力和驱动力有重要影响。在流体静力条件下，当施加大约 11 kN 的浮力时，车辆在 0.40 m 水深处发生浮动不稳定。像这样的全尺寸车辆的实验结果有助于补充和验证从最频繁的比例模型物理测试和数值建模中获得的结果的新知识。