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The effects of acute stress on eyewitness memory: an integrative review for eyewitness researchers
Memory ( IF 2.519 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 , DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2021.1955935
Carey Marr 1, 2 , Melanie Sauerland 1 , Henry Otgaar 1, 3 , Conny W E M Quaedflieg 4 , Lorraine Hope 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

The eyewitness and fundamental memory research fields have investigated the effects of acute stress at encoding on memory performance for decades yet results often demonstrate contrasting conclusions. In this review, we first summarise findings on the effects of acute encoding stress on memory performance and discuss how these research fields often come to these diverging findings regarding the effects of encoding stress on memory performance. Next, we critically evaluate methodological choices that underpin these discrepancies, emphasising the strengths and limitations of different stress-memory experiments. Specifically, we elaborate on choice of stressors and stimuli, stress manipulation checks, stressor timing, and the interval between encoding and retrieval and discuss how methodological shortcomings in both the eyewitness and fundamental memory fields have limited our understanding of how encoding stress may affect eyewitness memory performance. Finally, we propose several recommendations for researchers interested in this topic, such as confirming stress inductions with physiological measures, implementing sufficient retrieval intervals to isolate the memory phase of interest and using ecologically valid memory paradigms. We conclude that the best progress can be made if researchers are responsive to the methodologies and findings reported in other research fields and encourage collaborations between the different disciplines.



中文翻译:

急性压力对目击者记忆的影响:对目击者研究人员的综合评价

摘要

几十年来,目击者和基础记忆研究领域一直在研究编码时的急性压力对记忆性能的影响,但结果往往显示出相反的结论。在这篇综述中,我们首先总结了关于急性编码压力对记忆性能影响的发现,并讨论了这些研究领域如何经常得出关于编码压力对记忆性能影响的这些不同发现。接下来,我们批判性地评估支持这些差异的方法选择,强调不同压力记忆实验的优势和局限性。具体来说,我们详细阐述了压力源和刺激的选择、压力操纵检查、压力源时间、以及编码和检索之间的间隔,并讨论目击者和基本记忆领域的方法论缺陷如何限制我们对编码压力如何影响目击者记忆性能的理解。最后,我们为对该主题感兴趣的研究人员提出了几项建议,例如用生理措施确认压力诱导,实施足够的检索间隔以隔离感兴趣的记忆阶段,并使用生态有效的记忆范式。我们得出的结论是,如果研究人员对其他研究领域报告的方法和发现做出回应,并鼓励不同学科之间的合作,则可以取得最佳进展。我们为对该主题感兴趣的研究人员提出了几项建议,例如通过生理措施确认压力诱导,实施足够的检索间隔以隔离感兴趣的记忆阶段以及使用生态有效的记忆范式。我们得出的结论是,如果研究人员对其他研究领域报告的方法和发现做出回应,并鼓励不同学科之间的合作,则可以取得最佳进展。我们为对该主题感兴趣的研究人员提出了几项建议,例如通过生理措施确认压力诱导,实施足够的检索间隔以隔离感兴趣的记忆阶段以及使用生态有效的记忆范式。我们得出的结论是,如果研究人员对其他研究领域报告的方法和发现做出回应,并鼓励不同学科之间的合作,则可以取得最佳进展。

更新日期:2021-09-13
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