Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and has a high fatality rate. Genetic and epigenetic aberrations are commonly observed in HCC. The epigenetic processes include chromatin remodelling, histone alterations, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression and are connected with the progression and metastasis of HCC. Due to their potential reversibility, these epigenetic alterations are widely targeted for the development of biomarkers. In-depth understanding of the epigenetics of HCC is critical for developing rational clinical strategies that can provide a meaningful improvement in overall survival and prediction of therapeutic outcomes. In this article, we have summarised the epigenetic modifications involved in HCC progression and highlighted the potential biomarkers for diagnosis and drug development.

肝细胞癌（HCC）是最常见的肝脏原发性恶性肿瘤，死亡率很高。在 HCC 中通常观察到遗传和表观遗传畸变。表观遗传过程包括染色质重塑、组蛋白改变、DNA 甲基化和非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 表达，并与 HCC 的进展和转移有关。由于其潜在的可逆性，这些表观遗传改变被广泛用于生物标志物的开发。深入了解 HCC 的表观遗传学对于制定合理的临床策略至关重要，这些策略可以显着改善总体生存率和预测治疗结果。在这篇文章中，