The current study aimed to determine the detrimental effects of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and sodium laureth sulphate (SLES) on survival rate and oxidative stress enzymes in Branchiura sowerbyi (Beddard, 1892). The 96 h LC₅₀ values of SDS, CPC and SLES to Branchiura sowerbyi were estimated to be 8.27, 0.12 and 19.58 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, surfactant toxicity was projected using general threshold survival models (GUTS) in terms of required data sets and fit performance. The result suggested that GUTS-IT (individual tolerance) model can better predict the survival rate observed in Branchiura sowerbyi for surfactant exposure than the GUTS-SD (stochastic death) model. Sublethal levels of SDS, CPC and SLES (10% and 30% of the 96 h LC50 value) elicited substantial changes in oxidative stress enzymes over the 14-day exposure period. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) demonstrated a significant increasing trend initially followed by a subsequent declining trend, but the levels of catalase (CAT), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), increased significantly throughout the periods of exposure. The consequences of SDS, CPC and SLES on Branchiura sowerbyi were evaluated using a correlation matrix, principal component analysis, and integrated biomarker response assessment. These findings suggest that SDS, CPC and SLES exposure detrimentally affect survival rate and alter the levels of oxidative stress enzymes in Branchiura sowerbyi.

中文翻译：

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急性毒性和亚致死暴露于常用表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠、氯化十六烷基吡啶和月桂醇聚醚硫酸钠对寡毛类蠕虫 Branchiura sowerbyi 氧化应激酶的影响（Beddard，1892）

目前的研究旨在确定十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS)、氯化十六烷基吡啶 (CPC) 和月桂醇聚醚硫酸钠 (SLES) 对Branchiura sowerbyi 的存活率和氧化应激酶的不利影响( Beddard , 1892)。 对Branchiura sowerbyi的SDS、CPC 和SLES的96 小时LC ₅₀值估计分别为8.27、0.12和19.58 mg/L。此外，根据所需的数据集和拟合性能，使用通用阈值生存模型 (GUTS) 预测表面活性剂毒性。结果表明GUTS-IT（个体耐受性）模型可以更好地预测在Branchiura sowerbyi中观察到的存活率表面活性剂暴露比 GUTS-SD（随机死亡）模型。在 14 天的暴露期间，SDS、CPC 和 SLES 的亚致死水平（96 小时 LC50 值的 10% 和 30%）引起氧化应激酶的实质性变化。超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 最初表现出显着的增加趋势，随后呈下降趋势，但过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 的水平以及丙二醛 (MDA) 在整个暴露期间显着增加。SDS、CPC 和 SLES 对Branchiura sowerbyi 的影响使用相关矩阵、主成分分析和综合生物标志物反应评估进行评估。这些发现表明暴露于 SDS、CPC 和 SLES 会对存活率产生不利影响，并改变Branchiura sowerbyi中氧化应激酶的水平。