Total suspended particulates (TSP) were collected in the industrial city of Arak, Iran, during the windy and cold seasons of 2018–2019 to investigate the air pollution sources. The associated elements were analyzed by particle-induced X-ray emission technique. The major elements detected in the samples were Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn. In this investigation, the time trend, monthly and seasonal variations, the correlation between the elemental concentrations, and the sources of air pollution were evaluated. An increase in the concentrations of Zn, Ti, and Fe was seen in winter due to temperature inversions. The highest correlation coefficients were found between soil dust key elements, Fe–Si, Ca–S, Ca–Fe, Ca–Si, and Al–Si. From the aerosols time trend concentration and the wind map direction, it was identified that there are northwesterly winds bringing desert dusts to the sampling site. The statistical positive matrix factorization model in combination with correlation coefficient and enrichment factor values were used to identify the sources of air pollution. It was deduced that the soil dusts, machining and assembling activities, industrial salts, vehicle, aluminum metallurgy, and petrochemical productions were the main contribution to the detected TSP concentration.

中文翻译：

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伊朗工业城市阿拉克大气气溶胶分析及污染源识别

在 2018-2019 年的大风和寒冷季节，在伊朗工业城市阿拉克收集了总悬浮颗粒物 (TSP)，以调查空气污染源。相关元素通过粒子诱导 X 射线发射技术进行分析。样品中检测到的主要元素为 Mg、Al、Si、S、Cl、K、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Co、Cu 和 Zn。在这项调查中，评估了时间趋势、月和季节变化、元素浓度之间的相关性以及空气污染源。由于逆温，在冬季观察到 Zn、Ti 和 Fe 的浓度增加。土壤粉尘关键元素 Fe-Si、Ca-S、Ca-Fe、Ca-Si 和 Al-Si 之间的相关系数最高。从气溶胶时间趋势浓度和风图方向，经鉴定，有西北风将沙漠粉尘带到采样点。采用统计正矩阵分解模型结合相关系数和富集因子值识别空气污染源。推断土壤粉尘、机械加工和组装活动、工业盐、车辆、铝冶金和石化生产是检测到的 TSP 浓度的主要贡献。