Abstract

Objective

An association between early drinking onset and subsequent heavy drinking has been established, but interpretation is problematic: is the onset of drinking or of intoxication important; is early onset a marker for vulnerability or a causal risk factor; what role does recall bias play? We (1) compare the associations of onset indicators with subsequent risky drinking, (2) assess whether drinking onset has a stronger association with subsequent risky drinking than relative onset (deviation from cohort’s median), and (3) study recall bias by examining within-cohort temporal changes in reported ages of drinking onset.

Method

The Finnish Drinking Habits Survey, a cross-sectional general population survey of 15–79-year-old Finns collected in 2016. Additionally, the four previous survey waves from 1984 to 2008 were used. Risky drinking was defined using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the age of first drink (AFD) and of intoxication (AFI) were obtained by retrospective recall.

Results

All three indicators showed statistically significant associations with AUDIT, but AFI had the strongest association. Absolute age of onset had a slightly stronger association with AUDIT than relative age of onset. Recall bias of AFD was found for each birth cohort, as the reported AFD within each cohort increased over time.

Conclusions

Onset of intoxication has stronger association with risky drinking than the onset of drinking. No gain was seen in measuring relative rather than absolute age of onset, which suggests that age of onset is not merely a marker of vulnerability to risky drinking.

中文翻译：

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阐述首次饮酒年龄与危险饮酒的关系：横断面调查的结果

摘要

客观的

早期饮酒与随后的大量饮酒之间存在关联，但解释存在问题：饮酒或中毒的开始重要吗？早发是脆弱性或因果风险因素的标志；回忆偏差起什么作用？我们（1）比较发作指标与随后的危险饮酒的关联，（2）评估饮酒发作与随后的危险饮酒的关联是否比相对发作（偏离队列中位数）更强，以及（3）通过检查内部研究回忆偏差-报告的饮酒年龄的队列时间变化。

方法

芬兰饮酒习惯调查是 2016 年收集的一项针对 15-79 岁芬兰人的横断面一般人口调查。此外，还使用了 1984 年至 2008 年的前四轮调查。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试 (AUDIT) 定义危险饮酒，并通过回顾性回忆获得首次饮酒 (AFD) 和中毒 (AFI) 的年龄。

结果

所有三个指标都显示出与 AUDIT 的统计显着关联，但 AFI 的关联最强。绝对发病年龄与 AUDIT 的相关性略强于相对发病年龄。每个出生队列都发现了 AFD 的回忆偏差，因为每个队列中报告的 AFD 随着时间的推移而增加。

结论

中毒的发作与危险饮酒的关联比饮酒的发作更强。在测量发病的相对年龄而不是绝对年龄方面没有发现任何收益，这表明发病年龄不仅仅是风险饮酒脆弱性的标志。