Rechargeable alkaline zinc batteries are considered to be potential energy-storage systems owing to their natural abundance, low toxicity, and high capacity. However, their performance and efficiency are limited by the sluggish kinetics and irreversibility of the anode and cathode. In particular, high-capacity binary transition metal-based spinel materials that can store OH⁻ anions are expected to replace commercial MnO cathodes owing to their abundant active sites of two or more transition metals. Herein, we report an ultrafast and reversible anion storage mechanism of spinel NiCo₂O₄ nanoarchitectures decorated onto N-doped reduced graphene oxide ([email protected]) for high-performance rechargeable alkaline zinc full cells. The [email protected] electrode exhibits high specific and rate capacities of 191 mA h g⁻¹ at 1000 mA g⁻¹ and 151 mA h g⁻¹ even at 20 000 mA g⁻¹, respectively, much higher than those of [email protected] and NCO. The as-designed cells achieve a record-high volumetric power density (7.20 W cm⁻³) among alkaline zinc full cells, along with a high energy density (14.93 mW h cm⁻³) and a capacity retention of 77% over 3000 cycles at 6000 mA g⁻¹. These results are attributed to the facile charge-storage kinetics of the spinel framework, multiple Ni³⁺/Ni²⁺ and Co³⁺/Co²⁺ redox couples with OH⁻, and structural integrity of N-rGO as verified by electrochemical, ex situ XRD and XPS, and postmortem analyses. This work proposes a rational design of nanoarchitectured electrode materials for high volumetric performances and long-cycle life of rechargeable alkaline zinc batteries.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能碱性锌全电池的尖晶石纳米结构的超快和可逆阴离子存储

可充电碱性锌电池由于其天然丰富、低毒性和高容量而被认为是潜在的储能系统。然而，它们的性能和效率受到阳极和阴极缓慢的动力学和不可逆性的限制。特别是，可以存储 OH ^-阴离子的高容量二元过渡金属基尖晶石材料有望取代商业 MnO 正极，因为它们具有丰富的两种或多种过渡金属的活性位点。在此，我们报告了尖晶石 NiCo ₂ O ₄的超快和可逆阴离子存储机制纳米结构装饰在 N 掺杂的还原氧化石墨烯（[电子邮件保护]）上，用于高性能可充电碱性锌全电池。[email protected] 电极在 1000 mA g ^-1和 151 mA hg ^{-1 的}高比容量和倍率容量分别为 191 mA hg ^-1和 151 mA hg ^-1甚至在 20 000 mA g ^-1，远高于 [email protected]和 NCO。所设计的电池在碱性锌全电池中实现了创纪录的高体积功率密度（7.20 W cm ^-3），以及高能量密度（14.93 mW h cm ^-3）和 3000 次循环后容量保持率为 77%在 6000 mA g ^-1. 这些结果归因于尖晶石骨架的简单的电荷存储动力学、多个 Ni ³⁺ /Ni ²⁺和 Co ³⁺ /Co ²⁺氧化还原对与 OH ^-以及经电化学验证的 N-rGO 的结构完整性，异位XRD 和 XPS，以及尸检分析。这项工作提出了一种合理设计纳米结构电极材料，以实现可充电碱性锌电池的高体积性能和长循环寿命。