This research was conducted on five oilfields in the Mishrif reservoir, southern Iraq, to illustrate the effects of permeability on the damage caused by the injection of river water into the oilfield. Oilfield flooding has dramatically changed the pH and brine chemistry of the reservoir and resulted in the deposition of carbonates and native sulfur. The air permeability test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed how the precipitated minerals and materials (e.g., residual heavy oil, asphaltene, wax, native sulfur and authigenic and diagenetic clay minerals) reduced the permeability by lining the pore necks. The PHREEQC software and saturation index (SI) model revealed several types of pore-lining scales formed in a porous matrix. The SI model indicates that barite, celestite, calcite and pyrite are common scales lining the pore spaces, which precipitated in response to the injection of sulfate- and carbonate-rich river water into an oil well. This research generated useful findings that can be taken into consideration for future oil production worldwide. Additionally, the permeability values were used as evidence for discrimination of sedimentary environment, particularly reef and non-reef facies.

本研究在伊拉克南部 Mishrif 油藏的五个油田进行，以说明渗透率对河水注入油田造成的损害的影响。油田驱油显着改变了油藏的 pH 值和卤水化学成分，导致碳酸盐和天然硫的沉积。透气性测试和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 分析揭示了沉淀的矿物和材料（例如残余重油、沥青质、蜡、天然硫和自生和成岩粘土矿物）如何通过衬砌孔颈降低渗透率。PHREEQC 软件和饱和指数 (SI) 模型揭示了在多孔基质中形成的几种类型的孔隙衬里尺度。SI 模型表明重晶石、天青石、方解石和黄铁矿是孔隙空间内衬的常见水垢，它们在将富含硫酸盐和碳酸盐的河水注入油井时沉淀下来。这项研究产生了有用的发现，可以考虑到全球未来的石油生产。此外，渗透率值被用作区分沉积环境的证据，特别是珊瑚礁和非珊瑚礁相。