We study the earnings and career profiles of employees who experience the birth of the first child, as compared to their childless co-workers. Using a difference-in-differences approach and a unique 12-year panel of personnel records from a large French company, we find that the arrival of a child creates a persistent penalty in earnings for mothers. The gap in internal promotions, both at the extensive and intensive margin, accounts for the vast majority of the motherhood penalty within the firm. We believe that firm-level policies on child-related leaves, if not gender-neutral, can exacerbate the motherhood penalty.

中文翻译：

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工作场所的“妈咪轨道”。来自一家大型法国公司的证据

我们研究了与没有孩子的同事相比，经历了第一个孩子出生的员工的收入和职业概况。使用差异中的差异方法和来自一家大型法国公司的独特的 12 年人事记录面板，我们发现孩子的到来对母亲的收入造成了持续的损失。内部晋升的差距，无论是在广泛的还是密集的边缘，占公司内部母性惩罚的绝大部分。我们认为，公司层面的与儿童相关的休假政策，即使不是性别中立的，也会加剧母性惩罚。