Zanthoxylum nitidium (Roxb.) DC (Rutaceae) is well known for inhibiting the proliferation of human gastric, liver, kidney and lung cancer cells, though research on its potential use in treating leukaemia is relatively rare. Twenty-six compounds were isolated from the chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of the roots and leaves of Z. nitidium (Zanthoxylum nitidium). They were ( +)-9′-O-transferuloyl-5, 5′-dimethoxylaricriresinol (1), 8-(3′-oxobut-1′-en-1′-yl)-5, 7-dimethoxy-coumarin (2), 5, 7, 8-trimethoxy-coumarin (3), 5-(3′, 3′-dimethyl-2′-butenyloxy)-7, 8-dimethoxy-coumarin (4), 2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl) methyl acetate (5), 2′-(5, 6-dihydrochleletrythrine-6-yl) ethyl acetate (6), 6-acetonyldi-hydrochelerythrine (7), 6β-hydroxymethyldihydronitidine (8), bocconoline (9), zanthoxyline (10), O-methylzanthoxyline (11), rhoifoline B (12), N-nornitidine (13), nitidine (14), chelerythrine (15), 4-hydroxyl-7,8-dimethoxy-furoquinoline (16), dictamnine (17), γ-fagarine (18), skimmianine (19), robustine (20), R-( +)-platydesmine (21), 4-methoxyl-1-methyl-2-quinoline (22), 4-methoxy-2-quinolone (23), liriodenine (24), aurantiamide acetate (25), 10-O-demethyl-12-O-methylarnottianamide (26). Four among them, compounds 4 – 6 and 16, were first confirmed in this study by UV, IR, 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI–MS spectra. Compounds 1 – 2 and 11 were isolated from Z. nitidium for the first time. Of the assayed compounds, 1, 2, 9, 10, 14, 15 and 24, exhibited good inhibitory activities in the leukaemia cell line HEL, whereas compound 14 (IC50: 3.59 µM) and compound 24 (IC50: 15.95 µM) exhibited potent inhibitory activities. So, to further investigate the possible mechanisms, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were performed, which indicated that compound 14 causes obvious S-phase arrest in HEL cells and induced apoptosis, whereas compound 24 only induced apoptosis. The present results suggested both compounds 14 and 24 are promising potential anti-leukaemia drug candidates.

中文翻译：

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云南花椒活性成分体外抗白血病细胞作用

Zanthoxylum nitidium (Roxb.) DC (Rutaceae) 以抑制人类胃癌、肝癌、肾癌和肺癌细胞的增殖而闻名，尽管对其治疗白血病的潜在用途的研究相对较少。从 Z. nitidium (Zanthoxylum nitidium) 根和叶的氯仿和石油醚提取物中分离出 26 种化合物。它们是 (+)-9'-O-transferuloyl-5, 5'-dimethoxylaricriresinol (1), 8-(3'-oxobut-1'-en-1'-yl)-5, 7-dimethoxy-coumarin ( 2), 5, 7, 8-三甲氧基-香豆素 (3), 5-(3', 3'-二甲基-2'-丁烯氧基)-7, 8-二甲氧基-香豆素 (4), 2-(5-甲氧基-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl) 乙酸甲酯 (5), 2'-(5, 6-dihydrochleletrythrine-6-yl) 乙酸乙酯 (6), 6-acetonyldi-hydrochelerythrine (7), 6β-羟甲基二氢硝基苯胺 (8), bocconoline (9), zanthoxyline (10), O-methylzanthoxyline (11), Rhoifoline B (12), N-nornitidine (13)、nitidine (14)、白屈菜红碱 (15)、4-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基呋喃喹啉 (16)、dictamnine (17)、γ-fagarine (18)、skimmianine (19)、robustine (20), R-( +)-桔梗 (21), 4-甲氧基-1-甲基-2-喹啉 (22), 4-甲氧基-2-喹诺酮 (23), liriodenine (24), 醋酸橙花胺 (25) ), 10-O-demethyl-12-O-methylarnottianamide (26)。其中四种化合物 4-6 和 16 在本研究中首次通过 UV、IR、1D、2D NMR 和 HR-ESI-MS 光谱得到证实。化合物 1-2 和 11 为首次从 Z. nitium 中分离得到。在测定的化合物中，1、2、9、10、14、15 和 24 在白血病细胞系 HEL 中表现出良好的抑制活性，而化合物 14 (IC50: 3.59 µM) 和化合物 24 (IC50: 15.95 µM) 表现出有效的抑制活性抑制活性。因此，为了进一步研究可能的机制，进行细胞周期和细胞凋亡测定，表明化合物14在HEL细胞中引起明显的S期阻滞并诱导细胞凋亡，而化合物24仅诱导细胞凋亡。目前的结果表明化合物 14 和 24 都是有希望的潜在抗白血病候选药物。