The objective of the present research work is to investigate a novel high-efficiency nanofluid in a solar dish concentrator by using the numerical model developed. The working fluids examined consisted of soybean oil-based MXene nanofluid of different concentrations (i.e. 0.025, 0.075 and 0.125 wt%) and pure soybean oil. The studied nanofluids yielded excellent thermal properties such as high thermal conductivity and heat capacity, which were two particular factors rendering them excellent candidates for solar thermal applications. The solar dish collector was evaluated for three different cavity receivers including cubical, hemispherical and cylindrical shapes. Then, thermal analysis was performed with a developed numerical model in steady-state conditions, which was validated by using experimental results. Meanwhile, the thermal properties of the oil-based nanofluid were described after the experiments. The analysis was parametric in nature, thereby studying the system performance on a daily basis. According to the analysis, the hemispherical cavity receiver led to maximum thermal efficiency with the nanofluid used. In particular, the daily mean thermal efficiency with nanofluid of 82.66% and the mean equivalent efficiency of 82.46% were achieved, while the mean enhancement was 0.6%. However, the enhancements were higher with the use of other cavities due to the higher thermal losses shown in such cases. Moreover, the equivalent efficiency proved that the increased pumping work due to the use of nanofluid could not overcome the thermal enhancement, thereby improving the overall performance of the solar collector.

本研究工作的目的是通过使用开发的数值模型研究太阳能碟形聚光器中的新型高效纳米流体。检查的工作流体由不同浓度（即 0.025、0.075 和 0.125 wt%）的大豆油基 MXene 纳米流体和纯大豆油组成。所研究的纳米流体具有优异的热性能，例如高导热性和热容量，这是两个特殊因素，使其成为太阳能热应用的理想候选者。太阳能碟形收集器针对三种不同的腔体接收器进行了评估，包括立方体、半球形和圆柱形。然后，在稳态条件下使用开发的数值模型进行热分析，并通过实验结果进行验证。同时，实验后描述了油基纳米流体的热性能。分析本质上是参数化的，从而每天研究系统性能。根据分析，半球形腔体接收器在使用纳米流体的情况下实现了最大的热效率。特别是，纳米流体的日平均热效率达到了82.66%，平均等效效率达到了82.46%，平均提高了0.6%。然而，由于在这种情况下显示出更高的热损失，使用其他空腔的增强效果更高。此外，等效效率证明由于使用纳米流体而增加的泵送功并不能克服热增强，从而提高太阳能集热器的整体性能。