The impact of international trade on national decarbonization outcomes is inconclusive. Taking Germany as a case study, we developed a relative intersectoral linkage analysis based on the global value chain (GVC) framework. We identified nations' emission changes due to the transition of composition, scale, and technology in the fragmented trade network. The results show that in the process of reducing emissions, on the one hand, the supply of local emission-intensive sectors to the domestic economy and international trade has shrunk. On the other hand, we found comprehensive emission intensity reduction driven by downstream sectors’ production, even if there was carbon leakage in the participation of backward GVCs. However, when emission-intensive production was concentrated in the local market, GVC backward participation positively affected the emission intensity of the local economy. According to the findings, we assert that continuous technological innovation and reconstruction of the value chain are necessary for sustainable decarbonization from the local to the global economy.

国际贸易对国家脱碳结果的影响尚无定论。我们以德国为案例研究，基于全球价值链 (GVC) 框架开发了相对跨部门联系分析。我们确定了由于分散的贸易网络​​中成分、规模和技术的转变而导致的国家排放变化。结果表明，在减排过程中，一方面当地排放密集型行业对国内经济和国际贸易的供给出现萎缩。另一方面，我们发现，即使落后的全球价值链参与存在碳泄漏，下游行业生产驱动的综合排放强度降低也是如此。然而，当排放密集型生产集中在当地市场时，GVC 后向参与对当地经济的排放强度产生了积极影响。根据调查结果，我们断言持续的技术创新和价值链的重建对于从本地经济到全球经济的可持续脱碳是必要的。