We explored (i) whether narratives can influence viewers' evaluations toward alcohol through evaluative learning and (ii) compared predictions from dual-process and single-process models of evaluative learning. In study 1, participants had to read vignettes, while they were exposed to TV show excerpts in study 2. Both studies (n_study1 = 147; n_study2 = 150) followed a 2 (valence: positive vs. negative) × 2 (drinking consequences: yes vs. no) study design. Automatic associations and propositional beliefs were then measured by an Implicit Association Test (IAT) and a Relational Responding Task (RRT) respectively. A multilevel meta-regression was conducted to provide cumulative evidence for our hypotheses. Our first study did not yield robust significant results in the direction of associative or propositional processes. Conversely, the results of study 2 and meta-analytic findings showed stronger evidence for (i) an effect of exposure to narratives on alcohol-related evaluations and (ii) in favor of propositional models. Simply presenting a stimulus within a valenced context had no effect on the IAT or RRT. We conclude that these results are more in line with inferential propositional models of evaluative learning than with dual-process models.

中文翻译：

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在叙述中描述行动的后果是否会促进命题信念的形成？实验方法的初步结果

我们探讨了 (i) 叙事是否可以通过评价性学习影响观众对酒精的评价，以及 (ii) 比较评价性学习的双过程和单过程模型的预测。在研究 1 中，参与者必须阅读小插曲，而他们在研究 2 中接触电视节目摘录。两项研究（n _study1  = 147；n _study2 = 150) 遵循 2（效价：正面与负面）×2（饮酒后果：是与否）的研究设计。然后分别通过隐式关联测试（IAT）和关系响应任务（RRT）测量自动关联和命题信念。进行了多级元回归为我们的假设提供累积证据。我们的第一项研究在联想或命题过程的方向上没有产生强有力的显着结果。相反，研究 2 的结果和元分析结果显示出更有力的证据表明（i）接触叙事对酒精相关评估的影响和（ii）有利于命题模型。简单地在有价上下文中呈现刺激对 IAT 或 RRT 没有影响。