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High-mass X-ray binaries with Be donors as ultraluminous X-ray sources
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab2076
Shigeyuki Karino 1
Affiliation  

Since the detection of X-ray pulses from ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in 2014, neutron stars have been considered as their central objects. However, it remains unclear how neutron stars can be brighter than the Eddington luminosity, and no unified view exists on the magnetic field of neutron stars and the degree of beaming. Recent observations suggest that some X-ray pulsating ULXs have Be-type donors, and some of them occupy the same region as Be-type high-mass X-ray binaries (Be-HMXBs) on the Corbet diagram, which reveals the relation between spin and orbital periods. This suggests that at least some ULXs are special cases of Be-HMXBs. In this study, we use the framework of mass accretion models for Be-HMXBs to investigate the conditions under which neutron stars achieve mass accretion rates beyond the Eddington limit and become observable as ULXs. We show that a Be-HMXB may become a ULX if the magnetic field of the neutron star and the density of the Be disc meet certain conditions. We also show that, although a stronger magnetic field increases the brightness of a neutron star ULX with a Be donor, its brightness cannot exceed the Eddington limit by a more than a factor of ≈50. Finally, we propose a scenario whereby some normal Be-HMXBs may evolve into ULXs as the donor evolves into a giant.

中文翻译:

以 Be 供体为超发光 X 射线源的高质量 X 射线双星

自 2014 年检测到来自超发光 X 射线源 (ULX) 的 X 射线脉冲以来,中子星一直被视为其中心天体。然而,目前尚不清楚中子星如何能比爱丁顿光度更亮,对于中子星的磁场和光束的程度也没有统一的看法。最近的观察表明,一些 X 射线脉动 ULX 具有 Be 型供体,其中一些在 Corbet 图上与 Be 型高质量 X 射线双星(Be-HMXB)占据相同的区域,这揭示了它们之间的关系。自旋和轨道周期。这表明至少有一些 ULX 是 Be-HMXB 的特例。在这项研究中,我们使用 Be-HMXB 的质量吸积模型框架来研究中子星达到超出爱丁顿极限的质量吸积率并作为 ULX 可观测的条件。我们证明,如果中子星的磁场和 Be 盘的密度满足一定条件,Be-HMXB 可能会变成 ULX。我们还表明,虽然更强的磁场会增加具有 Be 供体的中子星 ULX 的亮度,但其亮度不能超过爱丁顿极限约 50 倍。最后,我们提出了一个场景,当供体演变成巨人时,一些正常的 Be-HMXB 可能会演变成 ULX。尽管更强的磁场会增加具有 Be 供体的中子星 ULX 的亮度,但其亮度不能超过爱丁顿极限约 50 倍。最后,我们提出了一个场景,当供体演变成巨人时,一些正常的 Be-HMXB 可能会演变成 ULX。尽管更强的磁场会增加具有 Be 供体的中子星 ULX 的亮度,但其亮度不能超过爱丁顿极限约 50 倍。最后,我们提出了一个场景,当供体演变成巨人时,一些正常的 Be-HMXB 可能会演变成 ULX。
更新日期:2021-07-21
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