The main chain of polyolefin was synthesized by copolymerization of 4 — vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) and acrylonitrile (AN), and trimethylamine is used for quaternization to prepare heterogeneous benzyl trimethyl-ammonium anion exchange membranes (Heter-X) and homogeneous benzyl trimethyl-ammonium anion exchange membrane (Homo-X). The results of Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed that VBC and AN were successfully copolymerized to form a polymer with a certain molecular weight, and trimethylamine was successfully quaternized. The prepared membranes exhibited good thermal stability and mechanical properties. The theoretical ion exchange capacity (IEC) values of Homo-3 and Heter-3 are the same, but the conductivity at 80 °C were 0.0572 S cm⁻¹ and 0.0505 S cm⁻¹. The results showed that the homogeneous method has a higher degree of quaternization and a more uniform distribution of quaternary ammonium groups, forming a more obvious microphase separation structure, which can also be seen in the atomic force microscopy (AFM) diagram. After being soaked in 1 M KOH solution for 480 h, the ionic conductivity of Homo-6 and Heter-6 can still remain 91.4% and 85.5%, and the IEC loss rates were 17.21% and 24.34%. These results indicate that the prepared membranes are promising materials for application in fuel cells.

聚烯烃主链由4-乙烯基苄基氯（VBC）与丙烯腈（AN）共聚合成，用三甲胺季铵化制备多相苄基三甲基铵阴离子交换膜（Heter-X）和均相苄基三甲基铵阴离子交换膜（Homo-X）。傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR)、凝胶渗透色谱 (GPC) 和¹1H核磁共振(NMR)表明VBC与AN成功共聚形成一定分子量的聚合物，三甲胺成功季铵化。制备的膜表现出良好的热稳定性和机械性能。Homo-3 和 Heter-3 的理论离子交换容量 (IEC) 值相同，但在 80 °C 下的电导率分别为 0.0572 S cm ^-1和 0.0505 S cm ^-1. 结果表明，均相法季铵化程度更高，季铵基团分布更均匀，形成更明显的微相分离结构，这在原子力显微镜（AFM）图中也可以看出。在1 M KOH溶液中浸泡480 h后，Homo-6和Heter-6的离子电导率仍能保持91.4%和85.5%，IEC损耗率分别为17.21%和24.34%。这些结果表明所制备的膜是用于燃料电池的有前途的材料。