Purpose

The best algorithm that was implemented on this Brazilian dataset was artificial immune system (AIS) algorithm. But the time and cost of this algorithm are high. Using asexual reproduction optimization (ARO) algorithm, the authors achieved better results in less time. So the authors achieved less cost in a shorter time. Their framework addressed the problems such as high costs and training time in credit card fraud detection. This simple and effective approach has achieved better results than the best techniques implemented on our dataset so far. The purpose of this paper is to detect credit card fraud using ARO.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the authors used ARO algorithm to classify the bank transactions into fraud and legitimate. ARO is taken from asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction refers to a kind of production in which one parent produces offspring identical to herself. In ARO algorithm, an individual is shown by a vector of variables. Each variable is considered as a chromosome. A binary string represents a chromosome consisted of genes. It is supposed that every generated answer exists in the environment, and because of limited resources, only the best solution can remain alive. The algorithm starts with a random individual in the answer scope. This parent reproduces the offspring named bud. Either the parent or the offspring can survive. In this competition, the one which outperforms in fitness function remains alive. If the offspring has suitable performance, it will be the next parent, and the current parent becomes obsolete. Otherwise, the offspring perishes, and the present parent survives. The algorithm recurs until the stop condition occurs.

Findings

Results showed that ARO had increased the AUC (i.e. area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve), sensitivity, precision, specificity and accuracy by 13%, 25%, 56%, 3% and 3%, in comparison with AIS, respectively. The authors achieved a high precision value indicating that if ARO detects a record as a fraud, with a high probability, it is a fraud one. Supporting a real-time fraud detection system is another vital issue. ARO outperforms AIS not only in the mentioned criteria, but also decreases the training time by 75% in comparison with the AIS, which is a significant figure.

Originality/value

In this paper, the authors implemented the ARO in credit card fraud detection. The authors compared the results with those of the AIS, which was one of the best methods ever implemented on the benchmark dataset. The chief focus of the fraud detection studies is finding the algorithms that can detect legal transactions from the fraudulent ones with high detection accuracy in the shortest time and at a low cost. That ARO meets all these demands.

中文翻译：

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使用无性繁殖优化的信用卡欺诈检测

目的

在这个巴西数据集上实现的最佳算法是人工免疫系统 (AIS) 算法。但是这种算法的时间和成本都很高。使用无性繁殖优化（ARO）算法，作者在更短的时间内取得了更好的结果。因此，作者在更短的时间内实现了更低的成本。他们的框架解决了信用卡欺诈检测中的高成本和培训时间等问题。这种简单而有效的方法取得了比迄今为止在我们的数据集上实施的最佳技术更好的结果。本文的目的是使用 ARO 检测信用卡欺诈。

设计/方法/方法

在本文中，作者使用 ARO 算法将银行交易分为欺诈和合法。ARO 取自无性繁殖。无性繁殖是指父母一方产生与自己相同的后代的一种生产。在 ARO 算法中，个体由变量向量表示。每个变量被认为是一个染色体。二进制字符串表示由基因组成的染色体。假设每个生成的答案都存在于环境中，由于资源有限，只有最好的解决方案才能存活。该算法从答案范围内的随机个体开始。这个亲代繁殖了名为芽的后代。父母或后代都可以生存。在这场比赛中，在适应度函数上表现出色的那个仍然活着。如果后代有合适的表现，它将是下一个亲本，而当前的亲本就过时了。否则，后代死亡，而现在的父母幸存下来。该算法会重复执行，直到出现停止条件。

发现

结果表明，与 AIS 相比，ARO 将 AUC（即受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线下面积）、灵敏度、精确度、特异性和准确度提高了 13%、25%、56%、3% 和 3%，分别。作者获得了一个高精度值，表明如果 ARO 将记录检测为欺诈，则很有可能是欺诈记录。支持实时欺诈检测系统是另一个重要问题。ARO 不仅在上述标准上优于 AIS，而且与 AIS 相比，训练时间减少了 75%，这是一个显着的数字。

原创性/价值

在本文中，作者在信用卡欺诈检测中实现了 ARO。作者将结果与 AIS 的结果进行了比较，这是有史以来在基准数据集上实施的最佳方法之一。欺诈检测研究的主要焦点是找到能够在最短的时间内以较低的成本以高检测精度从欺诈交易中检测合法交易的算法。ARO 满足所有这些要求。