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Optimization of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization increases ash salt accumulation and ions absorption of drip-fertigated sugar beet in saline-alkali soils
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108247
Fulai Yan 1 , Fucang Zhang 1 , Junliang Fan 1 , Xianghao Hou 1 , Wenqiang Bai 1 , Xiaoqiang Liu 1 , Ying Wang 1 , Xiongkai Pan 2
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Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), as a salt-tolerant plant, has been widely cultivated in saline-alkali soils, e.g. southern Xinjiang of China, due to its effective capability of reducing soil salinity. A two-year field experiment was conducted on drip-fertigated sugar beet under plastic mulch to explore to effects of three irrigation amounts (W1: 0.60 ETc, W2: 0.80 ETc and W3: 1.00 ETc, where ETc is the crop evapotranspiration) and six nitrogen application rates (N1: 25 kg N ha−1, N2: 60 kg N ha−1, N3: 120 kg N ha−1, N4: 240 kg N ha−1, N5: 360 kg N ha−1 and N6: 480 kg N ha−1) on sugar beet growth, ash salt accumulation, plant Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake. The results showed that the year and the two-way interaction of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization had significant effects on dry matter, ash salt accumulation, plant Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake, but there was no significant effect of the three-way interaction of year, irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on ash salt accumulation, plant Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake. The dry matter, ash salt accumulation, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake of N1 were significantly lower than those of other treatments. Nitrogen fertilization increased the dry matter and ash salt accumulation, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake of sugar beet. The ash salt, K+ and Ca2+ were mainly distributed in the leaf and petiole, while Na+ and Mg2+ were mainly distributed in the taproot. Among the four ions, the average contents of K+ and Na+ were larger in all treatments, which were 1.79 % and 1.62 % in the two years, respectively. The average content of Mg2+ was 0.36 % in all treatments in the two years, and the average content of Ca2+ was lowest in all treatments, which was 0.14 % in the two years. Compared to W1 and W2, W3 decreased the dry matter and ash salt accumulation, plant Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake. The ash salt accumulation, plant Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake increased with the increasing dry matter accumulation. Based on the response surface methodology, the relationships between water-nitrogen inputs and dry matter, ash salt accumulation, plant Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ uptake were established. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the phytoremediation of sugar beet in southern Xinjiang of China and maybe elsewhere with similar arid and semi-arid climates.

更新日期:2021-07-24
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