Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) serve as brominated flame retardants when added to various products. When these products reach their end of life, a large amount of domestic waste containing PBDEs enters the landfills. Given their weak chemical bonds, they are easily affected by physical, chemical, and biological processes. These processes result in their release and the subsequent contamination of the surrounding soil, groundwater, and atmosphere, causing harm to humans and ecosystems. However, despite the progress made in the research of PBDEs over the years, understanding of the environmental behavior and fate of pollutants is still limited. With the development of cities, the release of PBDEs in old landfills will gradually increase the risk to the surrounding environment. Here we review the biological and nonbiological transformation of PBDEs and their derivatives in landfills and surrounding areas, as well as their distribution in soil, groundwater, and atmosphere. Specifically, this review aims to provide insights into the following aspects: 1) the biological (plant, animal, and microbial) and nonbiological (metal catalysis and photodegradation) conversion of PBDEs and their derivatives in landfills and surrounding areas; 2) the distribution of landfill-sourced PBDEs in the soil, groundwater, atmosphere and cross-media migration; and 3) suggestions and future research directions for the management and control of PBDEs in landfills.

多溴二苯醚 (PBDE) 添加到各种产品中时可用作溴化阻燃剂。当这些产品达到使用寿命时，大量含有多溴二苯醚的生活垃圾进入垃圾填埋场。由于它们的化学键较弱，它们很容易受到物理、化学和生物过程的影响。这些过程导致它们的释放和随后对周围土壤、地下水和大气的污染，对人类和生态系统造成危害。然而，尽管多年来多溴二苯醚的研究取得了进展，但对污染物的环境行为和归宿的了解仍然有限。随着城市的发展，旧垃圾填埋场中多溴二苯醚的释放将逐渐增加对周边环境的风险。在这里，我们回顾了 PBDEs 及其衍生物在垃圾填埋场和周边地区的生物和非生物转化，以及它们在土壤、地下水和大气中的分布。具体而言，本综述旨在提供以下方面的见解：1) 多溴二苯醚及其衍生物在垃圾填埋场及周边地区的生物（植物、动物和微生物）和非生物（金属催化和光降解）转化；2) 源自垃圾填埋场的多溴二苯醚在土壤、地下水、大气和跨介质迁移中的分布；3) 垃圾填埋场多溴二苯醚管理和控制的建议和未来研究方向。本综述旨在提供以下方面的见解：1) 多溴二苯醚及其衍生物在垃圾填埋场及周边地区的生物（植物、动物和微生物）和非生物（金属催化和光降解）转化；2) 源自垃圾填埋场的多溴二苯醚在土壤、地下水、大气和跨介质迁移中的分布；3) 垃圾填埋场多溴二苯醚管理和控制的建议和未来研究方向。本综述旨在提供以下方面的见解：1) 多溴二苯醚及其衍生物在垃圾填埋场及周边地区的生物（植物、动物和微生物）和非生物（金属催化和光降解）转化；2) 源自垃圾填埋场的多溴二苯醚在土壤、地下水、大气和跨介质迁移中的分布；3) 垃圾填埋场多溴二苯醚管理和控制的建议和未来研究方向。