This study clarified the features of fatal truck-pedestrian and truck-cyclist accidents by a comparison with sedans. Fatal accident data from the Japanese Institute Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis (ITARDA) database were analyzed for the years 2012 ∼ 2016. The trucks were classified into three categories: heavy-, medium-, and light-duty. All three categories had higher percentages of pedestrians as fatal collision partners as opposed to cyclists. Every truck category had significantiy higher percentages of pedestrian fatalities due to daytime right turns than sedans. Heavy-duty trucks had significantly higher percentages of cyclist fatalities due to daytime and nighttime left turns than sedans. These results show that the design specifications for new sensing technology to avoid collisions with pedestrians and cyclists should differ among vehicle types. The knowledge obtained in this study will be useful to develop new technology or systems that are effective in dangerous situations between trucks and pedestrians or cyclists.

本研究通过与轿车进行比较，阐明了致命的卡车-行人和卡车-自行车事故的特征。来自日本交通事故研究和数据分析研究所（ITARDA）数据库的致命事故数据在 2012 年至 2016 年进行了分析。卡车分为三类：重型、中型和轻型。与骑自行车的人相比，所有三个类别的行人作为致命碰撞伙伴的比例都较高。由于白天右转，每个卡车类别的行人死亡百分比都显着高于轿车。由于白天和夜间左转，重型卡车的骑自行车者死亡率明显高于轿车。这些结果表明，避免与行人和骑自行车者发生碰撞的新型传感技术的设计规范应该因车辆类型而异。本研究中获得的知识将有助于开发在卡车与行人或骑自行车者之间的危险情况下有效的新技术或系统。