Abstract—

Mineralogical–geochemical properties of snow were studied in the activity areas of the mining and ore-processing companies Severonikel in Monchegorsk, Karelsky Okatysh in Kostomuksha, and Sibay Mining and Processing Company in Sibay. The mineralogical and chemical compositions of the aerosols corresponds to the metallogeny of the study areas and the ore specialization of enterprises. The solid aerosols consist of the rock-forming and accessory minerals and artificial anthropogenic materials: slag particles and Ni–Fe–Co ± Cu aggregates. The presence of microplastics in the composition of solid aerosols was established within residential areas and on the territory of the Kostomuksha State Reserve, which is under the influence of transboundary transport. Concentrations of metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in the aerosols and snowmelt water are much higher than the average concentrations of these metals in the Earth’s crust and natural waters. The pH of the snowmelt water is determined by the landscape–geochemical conditions and determines the solubility of metals: the minimum in the steppe landscapes of the Sibay area and the maximum in the Monchetundra (Monchegorsk test site). Within the latter, dissolved forms of chalcophiles and Ni predominate over the solid phase. Dust, metal, and ionic loads on the territory have been calculated. Retrospective analysis over the past 25 years has shown significant changes in the composition of aerosols within the Monchegorsk reference area due to the exclusion of the Talnakh ore dressing process from production. Among the studied emission sources of metals, the greatest contribution to the biogeochemical cycling is made by the Severonikel facilities.

中文翻译：

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有采矿和选矿设施地区积雪的矿物地球化学特征

摘要-

在 Monchegorsk 的 Severonikel 采矿和矿石加工公司、Kostomuksha 的 Karelsky Okatysh 和 Sibay 的 Sibay 采矿和加工公司的活动区研究了雪的矿物地球化学特性。气溶胶的矿物和化学成分与研究区的成矿情况和企业的矿石专业化程度相对应。固体气溶胶由造岩矿物和副矿物以及人造人为材料组成：矿渣颗粒和 Ni-Fe-Co ± Cu 聚集体。在居民区和受跨界运输影响的 Kostomuksha 国家保护区领土内，固体气溶胶成分中存在微塑料。金属浓度（Fe、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、和 Pb) 在气溶胶和融雪水中的含量远高于这些金属在地壳和天然水中的平均浓度。融雪水的 pH 值由景观地球化学条件决定，并决定金属的溶解度：在 Sibay 地区的草原景观中最小，在 Monchetundra（蒙切戈尔斯克试验场）中最大。在后者中，溶解形式的亲硫试剂和镍在固相中占主导地位。已经计算了该领土上的灰尘、金属和离子负载。过去 25 年的回顾性分析表明，由于将 Talnakh 选矿过程排除在生产之外，Monchegorsk 参考区域内的气溶胶成分发生了显着变化。在研究的金属排放源中，