Abstract—

The paper deals with the vulnerability of surface waters in the Arctic to regional and global base-metal pollution fluxes, a problem whose solution requires specialized approaches to water quality assessment. The metals are shown to be contained in low-salinity waters of the northern territories mostly in ionic forms, which predetermines the high bioavailability of these metals for aquatic life. A model for calculating the ionic species of metals was developed on the basis of mathematical modeling of chemical reactions in natural waters. For 22 aquatic areas in the Kola Peninsula, concentrations of metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Al, and Sr) and their speciation in the waters were calculated. The accumulation of metals in organs and tissues of the fish (as exemplified by whitefish) was studied at the same sites. The biogeochemical activity of metals was demonstrated to determine, first of all, the ratio of labile and nonlabile metal species in the water. The bioavailability of metal species was estimated depending on the geochemical parameters of the aquatic environment and the in-situ speciation of the metals, based on the results of original studies of local lakes. The relationships between the contents of metals in the fish and the content of metal species in the water are clarified using methods of multidimensional scaling and the RDA technology. Values are proposed for the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of metals with regard to their high bioavailability in northern low-salinity waters.

中文翻译：

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北极地表水中金属物种的分布及其生物利用度评估：水质标准提案

摘要-

该论文涉及北极地表水对区域和全球贱金属污染通量的脆弱性，这个问题的解决需要专门的水质评估方法。这些金属被证明主要以离子形式存在于北部地区的低盐度水域中，这决定了这些金属对水生生物的高生物利用度。在天然水中化学反应的数学模型的基础上，开发了一种计算金属离子种类的模型。对于科拉半岛的 22 个水域，计算了水中金属（Hg、Cd、Pb、Ni、Cu、Al 和 Sr）的浓度及其形态。在同一地点研究了鱼类器官和组织中金属的积累（以白鱼为例）。证明金属的生物地球化学活性是为了首先确定水中不稳定和不稳定金属物种的比例。金属物种的生物利用度是根据水生环境的地球化学参数和金属的原位形态形成，基于对当地湖泊的原始研究结果。使用多维标度法和RDA技术阐明鱼中金属含量与水中金属种类含量之间的关系。根据金属在北部低盐度水域中的高生物利用度，建议了金属的最大允许浓度 (MPC) 值。