Shot peening produces a high-speed shot flow acting on the sprayed surface, which not only produces residual compressive stress, but also changes the microstructure of the rough surface of the parts. Surface roughness affects the fatigue strength of the parts. In order to study the influence of shot peening time on the surface morphology of 12Cr2Ni4A alloy steel, the number of craters and the shot diameter are measured under the given peening parameters. A random multiple-shot model is established with ABAQUS to obtain the rough surface profile under the peening parameters, and the rough surface profile is processed by Gaussian filtering to calculate the roughness of the shot peening surface. The results show that the numerical calculation value of the shot peening surface roughness proposed in the paper is highly consistent with the experimental measurement value. Based on the calculation model of the rough surface, this paper analyzes the relationship between different roughness parameters and shot peening time, and investigates the influence of initial surface roughness on the surface morphology after shot peening. This paper provides a new idea for calculating and predicting rough surface in shot peening process.

喷丸产生作用于喷涂表面的高速丸流，不仅产生残余压应力，而且改变零件粗糙表面的微观结构。表面粗糙度影响零件的疲劳强度。为了研究喷丸时间对12Cr2Ni4A合金钢表面形貌的影响，在给定的喷丸参数下，测量了喷丸孔数和喷丸直径。用ABAQUS建立随机多次喷射模型，得到喷丸参数下的粗糙表面轮廓，对粗糙表面轮廓进行高斯滤波处理，计算喷丸表面粗糙度。结果表明，本文提出的喷丸表面粗糙度数值计算值与实验测量值高度一致。本文基于粗糙表面的计算模型，分析了不同粗糙度参数与喷丸时间的关系，研究了初始表面粗糙度对喷丸后表面形貌的影响。本文为喷丸过程中粗糙表面的计算和预测提供了一种新的思路。