Galls, like other regular plant organs, possess their own histological and physiological features. A high degree of specificity is maintained between the host and the inducer, and hence gall morphogenesis is highly conserved and would help trace gall lineages and cell fate. The present study highlights the induction and subsequent development of leaf galls on the Indian Beech tree, Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre (Fabaceae), mediated through the active participation of a gall-inducing species of eriophyid mite, Aceria pongamiae Keifer and gall-associated bacterial endobiome. The saliva of A. pongamiae and selected strains of gall-associated bacterial endobiome were characterized in part during the study. Three strains of Staphylococcus arlettae (PGP1-3) and one strain of Bacillus flexus (PGP4) were identified from the leaf galls through 16S rDNA sequencing. The mite saliva displayed tryptophanase activity, and the bacterial strains showed differential enzyme activities (protease, amylase, cellulase, DNAse, pectinase, tryptophanase, and catalase). All four strains of bacterial endobiome exhibited unique metal tolerance as well as pH and temperature regulating activity. Evaluation of the potential role of the mite saliva and the gall associated bacterial endobiome in gallogenesis was done by monitoring the plant growth-promoting activity of the salivary extract and the isolated bacterial strains through in vitro seed (Vigna radiata) germination assay. Salivary extract of the mite showed the highest rate of plant growth-promoting activity compared with that of the isolated strains of bacterial endobiome. The present study forms the first attempt that illustrates the characteristic features of the saliva of the gall inducer and the gall associated bacterial endobiome. Based on the results of the current study, we suggest that eriophyid mite saliva and the gall-associated microbes play significant roles in the induction of cecidia.

与其他常规植物器官一样，胆囊具有自己的组织学和生理学特征。宿主和诱导物之间保持高度的特异性，因此胆汁形态发生高度保守，有助于追踪胆汁谱系和细胞命运。本研究强调了印度山毛榉树Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre (Fabaceae)上叶瘿的诱导和随后的发育，这是通过瘿诱导物种 eriophyid mite、Aceria pongamiae Keifer 和瘿相关的瘿诱导物种的积极参与介导的。细菌内生体。在研究过程中，A. pongamiae的唾液和胆相关细菌内生物群的选定菌株部分特征化。三株金黄色葡萄球菌(PGP1-3) 和一株弯曲芽孢杆菌(PGP4) 通过 16S rDNA 测序从叶瘿中鉴定出来。螨唾液显示色氨酸酶活性，细菌菌株显示差异酶活性（蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶、DNA酶、果胶酶、色氨酸酶和过氧化氢酶）。所有四种细菌内生菌群都表现出独特的金属耐受性以及 pH 和温度调节活性。通过监测唾液提取物和分离的细菌菌株的植物生长促进活性，通过体外种子（Vigna radiata) 发芽试验。与细菌内生菌的分离菌株相比，螨的唾液提取物显示出最高的植物生长促进活性。本研究首次尝试说明胆汁诱导物的唾液和胆汁相关细菌内生物群的特征。根据目前的研究结果，我们认为 eriophyid 螨唾液和与瘿相关的微生物在 cecidia 的诱导中起重要作用。