The Flying Ad hoc Network (FANET) is a special type of mobile ad hoc network (MANET) that provides communications among Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). These UAVs can reduce human intervention to a great extent by giving numerous applications under different domains such as transportation, military, healthcare, traffic monitoring, surveillance, etc. In FANET, communication is relatively challenging due to its complex infrastructure, unspecified architecture and rapid mobility of nodes. The work embodied in this paper is focused on traffic surveillance of highways using UAVs. UAVs can help to reduce the number of accidents by sharing real-time as well as the accurate status of highways among vehicles and the control station. On the other hand, they can also be used to track specific vehicles on the road. In FANET, both routing protocols and mobility models play a crucial role in the process of information exchange. In this paper, the comparison and performance evaluation of two well-known reactive routing protocols viz. Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) have been carried out using highway mobility model for traffic surveillance in FANET environment. Implementation of both protocols has been tested on several traffic patterns, mobility and varying network loads. Both AODV and DSR enable significant performance variations; however, they share on-demand behavior. Packet delivery fraction, average end-to-end delay, normalized routing load, packet loss, routing overhead and throughput are used to analyze the performance of both protocols. Based on experimental analysis using NS-2 under constant bit rate (CBR) and TCP traffic sources, it can be stated that AODV outperforms DSR in almost every aspect.

中文翻译：

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使用高速公路移动模型的飞行 Ad hoc 网络的 AODV 和 DSR 路由协议的性能评估

飞翔的特设网络（FANET）是一种特殊类型的移动特设网络（MANET），提供无人驾驶飞行器（UAV）之间的通信。这些无人机可以通过在运输、军事、医疗保健、交通监控、监视等不同领域提供大量应用，在很大程度上减少人为干预。在 FANET 中，由于其复杂的基础设施、未指定的架构和快速移动性，通信相对具有挑战性的节点。本文所体现的工作重点是使用无人机对高速公路进行交通监控。无人机可以通过在车辆和控制站之间共享实时以及准确的高速公路状态来帮助减少事故数量。另一方面，它们也可用于跟踪道路上的特定车辆。在 FANET 中，路由协议和移动模型在信息交换过程中都起着至关重要的作用。特设按需距离矢量（AODV）和动态源路由（DSR）已经使用高速公路移动模型在FANET环境中进行交通监控。两种协议的实现已经在几种流量模式、移动性和不同的网络负载上进行了测试。AODV 和 DSR 都可以实现显着的性能变化；但是，它们共享按需行为。数据包传递分数、平均端到端延迟、标准化路由负载、数据包丢失、路由开销和吞吐量用于分析两种协议的性能。基于在恒定比特率 (CBR) 和 TCP 流量源下使用 NS-2 的实验分析，可以说 AODV 在几乎所有方面都优于 DSR。