The therapeutic armamentarium for patients with inflammatory bowel disease has been expanding. Current guidelines make recommendations about whether patients who are biologic naive should be receiving biologic monotherapy or combination therapy, depending on the class of biologics. However, due to the limited available data, guidance to inform clinical practice for patients receiving their second or more biologic are lacking. We hereby review the available data about the use of biologic monotherapy or combination therapy with concomitant immunomodulator therapies in patients receiving their first as well as those receiving their second biologic.

中文翻译：

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炎症性肠病的第一或第二生物制剂：联合疗法还是单一疗法？

炎症性肠病患者的治疗手段一直在不断扩大。目前的指南就未接受过生物制剂治疗的患者是否应接受生物制剂单一疗法或联合疗法提出了建议，具体取决于生物制剂的类别。然而，由于可用数据有限，缺乏为接受第二种或更多生物制剂的患者提供临床实践信息的指导。我们特此回顾有关在接受第一种生物制剂和接受第二种生物制剂的患者中使用生物制剂单一疗法或联合疗法与伴随免疫调节剂疗法的现有数据。