The end-Triassic mass extinction (ETME) is considered to be one of the five most severe extinction events in Earth history and caused the disappearance of ca. 80% of all species. The terrestrial ecosystems were also greatly affected by this extinction, but the severity of the land plant diversity loss is not well understood. Ferns are once a principal component of the terrestrial ecosystem from the late Paleozoic/early Mesozoic era and colonizers taxa commonly found in disturbed environments. In this study, we investigated the diversity and ecology of fern during the Triassic-Jurassic (Tr–J) transition in the Sichuan Basin of South China and focused for the first time on the impact of the end-Triassic mass extinction event on the fern communities. We assembled fern fossil records in 16 localities from the Rhaetian Xujiahe (XJH) Formation to the lowermost Jurassic Zhenzhuchong (ZZC) Formation. Our results indicate that no obvious mass extinctions of macro-microflora of ferns but a clear species turnover was recorded at ETME in the Sichuan Basin, reflected an appropriate response of plants in places far away from CAMP volcanism. The paleoecological analysis based on macroflora and microflora in the Sichuan Basin shows a warm and humid condition of tropical-subtropical climate during Rhaetian followed by an increase of specific dry-resistant taxa, indicating a dryer environment at the Earliest Jurassic. Additionally, multivariate statistical approaches (principal coordinates analysis, cluster analysis, network analysis) for fern macro-remains and spores data in the southeastern Sichuan Basin infer that the members of XJH and ZZC Formation cluster in three groups, corresponding to their environmental conditions, determined by humidity and temperature.

三叠纪末大灭绝 (ETME) 被认为是地球历史上五次最严重的灭绝事件之一，导致约 . 80% 的物种。陆地生态系统也受到这种灭绝的极大影响，但陆地植物多样性丧失的严重程度尚不清楚。蕨类植物曾经是古生代晚期/中生代早期陆地生态系统的主要组成部分，也是在受干扰的环境中常见的殖民者分类群。在这项研究中，我们调查了华南四川盆地三叠纪-侏罗纪（Tr-J）过渡期蕨类植物的多样性和生态学，并首次关注三叠纪末大灭绝事件对蕨类植物的影响。社区。我们收集了 16 个地点的蕨类化石记录，从雷田须家河组 (XJH) 组到侏罗纪最下部的珍珠冲组 (ZZC) 组。我们的研究结果表明，在四川盆地的 ETME 中，蕨类植物的宏观微生物群落没有明显的大规模灭绝，但有明显的物种更替，这反映了远离 CAMP 火山活动的植物的适当反应。四川盆地大型植物群和微生物群落的古生态分析表明，雷天时期为热带-亚热带气候，气候温暖湿润，特定抗旱类群增多，表明侏罗纪早期环境干燥。此外，多变量统计方法（主坐标分析、聚类分析、