Overall decline of global burned area paradoxically hides a number of economic realities that have increased the likelihood and costs of wildfire-caused disasters. In this critical review, we address the pressing need to identify and incorporate economic elements shaping global wildfire activities. To synthesize our current understanding of economic drivers of wildfires, we leverage the DPSIR framework to structure the issues related to wildfires to establish coherent causal pathways between Drivers (D), Pressures (P), States (S), Impacts (I) and Responses (R). We identified global patterns of worsening wildfire risks with the double-exposure to globalization and climate change. Current developments call for a paradigm shift in how we understand and manage wildfires to promote an adaptation-mitigation-resilience strategy. We propose expanding the science-policy interface to global scale with new indicators for assessing and communicating the impacts of global economic drivers on wildfire activities, such as “Virtual wildfire trade” accounting to monitor delocalized fire activity—exported fires and land transformation from developed to developing regions with weak governance. We also identified the areas where research is lacking, highlighting future research areas in wildfire economics to advance effective, efficient, and equitable global governance of wildfires.

全球被烧毁面积的整体下降自相矛盾地隐藏了许多经济现实，这些现实增加了野火造成灾难的可能性和成本。在这篇批判性评论中，我们解决了确定和整合影响全球野火活动的经济因素的紧迫需求。为了综合我们目前对野火经济驱动因素的理解，我们利用 DPSIR 框架来构建与野火相关的问题，以在驱动因素 (D)、压力 (P)、状态 (S)、影响 (I) 和响应之间建立连贯的因果路径(R)。我们确定了随着全球化和气候变化的双重暴露，野火风险恶化的全球模式。当前的发展要求我们在理解和管理野火​​的方式上进行范式转变，以促进适应-缓解-恢复力战略。我们建议通过新指标将科学政策接口扩展到全球范围，以评估和传达全球经济驱动因素对野火活动的影响，例如“虚拟野火贸易”会计以监测非本地化的火灾活动——出口火灾和土地从发达国家转变为治理薄弱的发展中地区。我们还确定了缺乏研究的领域，突出了野火经济学的未来研究领域，以推进有效、高效和公平的全球野火治理。例如“虚拟野火交易”会计，以监测非本地火灾活动——出口火灾和土地从发达地区向治理薄弱的发展中地区转变。我们还确定了缺乏研究的领域，突出了野火经济学的未来研究领域，以推进有效、高效和公平的全球野火治理。例如“虚拟野火交易”会计，以监测非本地火灾活动——出口火灾和土地从发达地区向治理薄弱的发展中地区转变。我们还确定了缺乏研究的领域，突出了野火经济学的未来研究领域，以推进有效、高效和公平的全球野火治理。