This article advances research on moral responsibility in organizations by drawing on both philosophical virtue ethics grounded in the Aristotelian tradition and Positive Organizational Scholarship research concerned with virtuousness. The article discusses the very conditions that make possible the realization of virtues and virtuousness, respectively. These conditions ground notions of moral responsibility and the resulting praise or blame on organizational contexts. Thus, we analyze the way individuals and organizations may be ascribed interconnected degrees of retrospective moral responsibility and blame as depending on the interplay between the individual conditions leading to virtue and the organizational conditions leading to virtuousness. Based on this analysis, we develop a two-level account of moral responsibility in organizations that connects individual and organizational moral responsibility through the concepts of virtue and virtuousness. This is further operationalized into practical guidelines to ascribe degrees of individual and organizational blame, which can be used as a tool by managers, policymakers, or industry regulators.

中文翻译：

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组织中的美德与美德：分配个人和组织道德责任的指南

本文通过借鉴以亚里士多德传统为基础的哲学美德伦理和与美德有关的积极组织学术研究，推进了对组织道德责任的研究。这篇文章分别讨论了实现美德和美德的条件。这些条件奠定了道德责任的概念以及由此产生的对组织环境的赞扬或指责。因此，我们根据导致美德的个人条件与导致美德的组织条件之间的相互作用来分析个人和组织可能被归因于追溯性道德责任和责备的相互关联程度的方式。基于这一分析，我们对组织中的道德责任进行了两级解释，通过美德和美德的概念将个人和组织的道德责任联系起来。这被进一步落实为实际指导方针，以归因于个人和组织的责任程度，管理者、政策制定者或行业监管机构可以将其用作工具。