The Indonesian island of Sulawesi harbours numerous early rock paintings of the endemic Sulawesi warty pig (Sus celebensis). Several S. celebensis images, including one dated to at least 45,500 years ago (ka), portray these suids with an anatomical character not observed in the living species: a pair of teat-like protuberances in the neck area. This feature seems to be most consistent morphologically with neck “wattles”, cutaneous appendages only manifested in modern domestic swine (Sus scrofa) and some other domesticated ungulates (e.g. goats). The notion that the trait portrayed by the Late Pleistocene artists is a domestication character is clearly contentious. We therefore consider: (1) whether we have misidentified the trait – a common problem in rock art analysis; (2) whether wattles are a genuine domestication trait; and (3) if so, whether the notion that Pleistocene people domesticated S. celebensis is plausible. A clear resolution to all of these problems evades us; however, our investigation of this anomaly in the ancient rock art poses important questions about the nature and complexity of early human–pig relations in this island.

中文翻译：

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更新世岩画是否描绘了具有驯化特征的苏拉威西疣猪（Sus celebensis）？

印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛有许多苏拉威西特有的疣猪（ Sus celebensis）的早期岩画。几幅S. celebensis图像，包括至少 45,500 年前 (ka) 的一幅图像，描绘了这些 suids 具有在活物种中未观察到的解剖学特征：颈部区域有一对乳头状突起。这一特征在形态上似乎与颈部“肉垂”最为一致，皮肤附属物仅在现代家猪（Sus scrofa) 和其他一些驯化的有蹄类动物（例如山羊）。晚更新世艺术家所描绘的特征是驯化特征的概念显然是有争议的。因此，我们考虑：（1）我们是否错误地识别了特征——岩石艺术分析中的一个常见问题；(2) 荆条是否是真正的驯化性状；(3) 如果是，更新世人驯化了S. celebensis的说法是否合理。对所有这些问题的明确解决方案让我们望而却步；然而，我们对古代岩画中这种异常现象的调查对这个岛上早期人猪关系的性质和复杂性提出了重要问题。