This review aims to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of zirconia implants compared with titanium implants. Moreover, it intends to review the relevant available long-term literature of these two materials regarding osteointegration, soft-tissue, microbiota, and peri-implantitis, focusing on clinical results. Briefly, titanium implants are a reliable alternative for missing teeth; however, they are not incapable of failure. In an attempt to provide an alternative implant material, implants made from ceramic-derivate products were developed. Owing to its optimal osseointegration competence, biocompatibility, and esthetic proprieties, zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), also known as zirconia, has gained popularity among researchers and clinicians, being a metal-free alternative for titanium implants with its main use in the anterior esthetic zones. This type of implant may present similar osseointegration as those noted on titanium implants with a greater soft-tissue response. Furthermore, this material does not show corrosion as its titanium analog, and it is less susceptible to bacterial adhesion. Lastly, even presenting a similar inflammatory response to titanium, zirconia implants offer less biofilm formation, suggesting less susceptibility to peri-implantitis. However, it is a relatively new material that has been commercially available for a decade; consequently, the literature still lacks studies with long follow-up periods.

中文翻译：

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氧化锆植入物会取代钛植入物吗？

本综述旨在讨论氧化锆种植体与钛种植体相比的优缺点。此外，它打算回顾这两种材料关于骨整合、软组织、微生物群和种植体周围炎的相关长期文献，重点关注临床结果。简而言之，钛种植体是缺失牙齿的可靠替代品；然而，他们并非没有失败的能力。为了提供替代的植入材料，开发了由陶瓷衍生产品制成的植入物。由于其最佳的骨整合能力、生物相容性和美学特性，二氧化锆 (ZrO ₂)，也称为氧化锆，已在研究人员和临床医生中广受欢迎，是钛植入物的无金属替代品，主要用于前牙美学区。这种类型的植入物可能表现出与钛植入物相似的骨整合，具有更大的软组织反应。此外，这种材料不像钛类似物那样显示腐蚀，并且不易受到细菌粘附。最后，即使对钛表现出类似的炎症反应，氧化锆种植体也能提供较少的生物膜形成，表明对种植体周围炎的敏感性较低。然而，它是一种相对较新的材料，已经商业化了十年；因此，文献仍然缺乏长期随访的研究。