Entrepreneurial support organizations (ESOs), such as incubators and accelerators, are now ubiquitous. Despite this proliferation, their impact on entrepreneurs, ventures, and communities remains unclear, while academic research remains disjointed and largely descriptive, limiting understanding of the entrepreneurial support process and the influence of ESOs on it. Conducting a systematic review of 337 peer-reviewed articles involving five ESO forms—incubators, science parks, accelerators, maker spaces, and co-working spaces—we find that the literature’s conception of support is under-socialized such that there is a need for longitudinal, processual, and experimental examination of changes in the rich relationships between entrepreneurs and their ventures, entrepreneurs and other entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs and ESOs, and ESOs and external stakeholders. Conceiving of support as help to become self-sufficient, we offer an alternative, relational approach to research on entrepreneurial support and those organizations seeking to provide it.

创业支持组织 (ESO)，例如孵化器和加速器，现在无处不在。尽管这种扩散，它们对企业家、企业和社区的影响仍不清楚，而学术研究仍然脱节且主要是描述性的，限制了对创业支持过程和 ESO 对其影响的理解。对涉及五种 ESO 形式（孵化器、科学园、加速器、创客空间和联合办公空间）的 337 篇同行评审文章进行系统审查，我们发现文献的支持概念社会化不足，因此需要对企业家与其企业、企业家与其他企业家、企业家与 ESO 之间丰富关系变化的纵向、过程和实验性检验，ESO 和外部利益相关者。将支持视为自给自足的帮助，我们提供了一种替代的、相关的方法来研究创业支持和那些寻求提供支持的组织。