Abstract

The ecological state of agricultural lands near a mining facility and a highway has been evaluated to determine the average daily dust load and chemical composition of the snow cover of drained lands. In contrast to the impact of motor transport, snow precipitation as a correct indicator of aerial technogenic fallout, formed under the influence of the mining company, is classified as contaminated. Despite a very high average daily dust load (from 473.6 to 2101.9 kg/km²), the level of chemical pollution remains low near the mining company (Z_c 35.5–62.7). The accumulation of a number of elements (Al, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Pb) is uneven and two to 20 times higher than the background values and two to three times higher than the MPC. Near the highway, the content of Cr, Al, Mg, Pb, Ca, Co, Ni, and Fe in the snow is two to four times higher than the background values and recorded over a distance of more than 80 m; depending on the type of technogenic impact, different rows of predominant accumulation of macro- and microelements have been established in the snow cover: mining facility, Al > Mn > Mg > Ca > Fe; highway, Cr > Al > Mg > Pb > Ca > Co. Multidirectional trends in the entry of pollutants with surface waters into the upper horizons of farmland soils are recorded depending on the physical properties of soils and the technical features of organization of the reclamation network.

中文翻译：

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大气污染对农业景观积雪化学成分的影响

摘要

已对采矿设施和高速公路附近农地的生态状况进行了评估，以确定排水土地积雪的平均每日灰尘负荷和化学成分。与汽车运输的影响相反，在采矿公司的影响下形成的作为空中技术沉降的正确指标的降雪被归类为受污染。尽管日均粉尘负荷非常高（从 473.6 到 2101.9 kg/km ²），但采矿公司附近的化学污染水平仍然很低（Z _c35.5–62.7）。许多元素（Al、Mg、Ca、Fe、Mn 和 Pb）的积累是不均匀的，比背景值高 2 到 20 倍，比 MPC 高 2 到 3 倍。在高速公路附近，雪中的 Cr、Al、Mg、Pb、Ca、Co、Ni 和 Fe 的含量比背景值高 2 到 4 倍，并且记录在 80 m 以上的距离；根据技术影响的类型，积雪中大量和微量元素的主要积累形成了不同的行：采矿设施，Al > Mn > Mg > Ca > Fe；高速公路，Cr > Al > Mg > Pb > Ca > Co。