Abstract

These studies aim to examine the effect of microbiological products (Gribophyt and Imunazot) and nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate) alone and in combination under barley straw application on crop yield on the morpho-physiological parameters of the yield and the seed chemical composition of the buckwheat variety of Demetra in the Kursk oblast. The seed yield of this crop due to nitrogen application along with straw incorporation increased by 0.6 t/ha relative to straw incorporation alone. In the case where seeds, soil, and barley straw were inoculated with biological products, the seed yield was 1.5 t/ha and was slightly lower in comparison with the effect of nitrogen fertilizers (10 kg a.i N per 1 t straw). However, if nitrogen fertilizers were used in combination with biological products (5 kg a.i. N per 1 t straw), an upward trend in yield (by 0.2 t/ha) was observed compared to the effect of biological products. The thousand-seed weight of buckwheat increased by 1.6 g compared to the control due to the application of nitrogen fertilizers, by 0.7 g due to the biological products, and the nitrogen content in the seed increased by 0.27 and 0.22%, respectively. The greatest changes in the morpho-physiological parameters of buckwheat seeds were made by inoculating the biological products. The application of nitrogen fertilizers and biological products equally influenced the growth and development of the crop. The leaf-area duration was 1.4 times higher on average in the early growing season and 1.9 times higher before harvest compared to the control. The survival of crops increased in all variants of the experiment compared to the control, but it was the highest (87.2%) with the combined application of nitrogen fertilizers and biological products.

中文翻译：

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库尔斯克地区条件下生物制品和氮肥在荞麦生产力形成中的作用

摘要

这些研究旨在检查微生物产品（Gribophyt 和 Imunazot）和氮肥（硝酸铵）在大麦秸秆施用下单独和组合对作物产量的影响对产量的形态生理参数和荞麦种子化学成分的影响库尔斯克州的各种 Demetra。与单独使用秸秆相比，由于施用氮肥和秸秆掺入，该作物的种子产量增加了 0.6 吨/公顷。在种子、土壤和大麦秸秆接种生物制品的情况下，种子产量为 1.5 t/ha，与氮肥（每 1 t 秸秆 10 kg ai N）的效果相比略低。但是，如果氮肥与生物制品（每 1 吨秸秆含 5 kg ai N）结合使用，与生物产品的效果相比，观察到产量呈上升趋势（增加 0.2 吨/公顷）。施氮肥使荞麦千粒重比对照增加1.6g，生物制品增加0.7g，种子含氮量分别增加0.27%和0.22%。荞麦种子形态生理参数变化最大的是接种生物制品。氮肥和生物制品的施用同样影响作物的生长发育。与对照相比，叶面积持续时间在早期生长季节平均高 1.4 倍，在收获前高 1.9 倍。与对照相比，实验的所有变体中作物的存活率均增加，