Introduction

This study aimed 1) to identify underlying heterogeneous patterns of bully-victim; 2) to examine whether the different types of child maltreatment predict the patterns of bully-victim; and 3) to investigate the association between patterns of bully-victim and adolescent psychosocial problems (depression, trouble at school, and substance use).

Methods

This study included a sample of 1139 (48.7% girls, 53.4% Black) drawn from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Children’s self-reported bullying victimization at age 9 was used using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement III. Teacher’s reported bullying perpetration at age 9 was used using Social Skills Rating System. Child maltreatment types were assessed at age 5 using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale Coding. At age 15, adolescent depression was measured using modified Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; trouble at school was measured using modified Add Health In-School Questionnaire; and self-reported substance use was used.

Results

Latent class analysis produced four classes: bully-victim (19.8%), victim (16.3%), no bully-victim (38.9%), and bully (24.9%). Individuals who have been neglected are more likely to be in the victim class compared to all other classes. Physical abuse to be at heightened risk of involvement in the bully-victim, compared to victim class. Additionally, individuals in the victim group are greater risk for depression, problems at school, and alcohol, as compared to those in the other classes.

Conclusions

This study augments the knowledge base on bully/victim, child maltreatment, and behavioral health outcomes and elucidates several suggestions for research and policy.

中文翻译：

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欺凌模式及其与虐待儿童和青少年心理社会问题的关联

介绍

本研究旨在 1) 确定欺凌受害者的潜在异质模式；2) 检查不同类型的虐待儿童是否可以预测受欺负者的模式；3) 调查欺凌-受害者模式与青少年心理社会问题（抑郁、学校麻烦和药物使用）之间的关联。

方法

这项研究包括来自脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究的 1139 名样本（48.7% 的女孩，53.4% 的黑人）。使用收入动态儿童发展补充 III 的小组研究使用了儿童在 9 岁时自我报告的欺凌受害情况。教师在 9 岁时报告的欺凌行为被用于使用社交技能评估系统。儿童虐待类型在 5 岁时使用亲子冲突策略量表编码进行评估。在 15 岁时，使用改良的流行病学研究中心抑郁量表测量青少年抑郁症；学校的麻烦是使用修改后的 Add Health In-School Questionnaire 来衡量的；并使用了自我报告的物质使用情况。

结果

潜在类别分析产生了四个类别：欺凌受害者 (19.8%)、受害者 (16.3%)、无欺凌受害者 (38.9%) 和欺凌者 (24.9%)。与所有其他类别相比，被忽视的个人更有可能属于受害者类别。与受害者类别相比，身体虐待参与欺凌受害者的风险更高。此外，与其他班级的人相比，受害者群体中的人患抑郁症、学校问题和酗酒的风险更大。

结论

本研究扩充了关于欺凌/受害者、虐待儿童和行为健康结果的知识库，并阐明了一些研究和政策建议。