Borromean Droplet in Three-Component Ultracold Bose Gases,Physical Review Letters

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Borromean Droplet in Three-Component Ultracold Bose Gases
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-23 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.043002
Yinfeng Ma _{1,

2} , Cheng Peng _{1,

2} , Xiaoling Cui _{1,

3}

Affiliation

We investigate droplet formation in three-component ultracold bosons. In particular, we identify the formation of a Borromean droplet, where only the ternary bosons can form a self-bound droplet while any binary subsystems cannot, as the first example of Borromean binding due to a collective many-body effect. Its formation is facilitated by an additional attractive force induced by the density fluctuation of a third component, which enlarges the mean-field collapse region in comparison to the binary case and renders the formation of a Borromean droplet after incorporating the repulsive force from quantum fluctuations. Outside the Borromean regime, we demonstrate an interesting phenomenon of droplet phase separation due to the competition between ternary and binary droplets. We further show that the transition between different droplets and gas phase can be conveniently tuned by boson numbers and interaction strengths. The study reveals the rich physics of a quantum droplet in three-component boson mixtures and sheds light on the more intriguing many-body bound state formed in multicomponent systems.

中文翻译：

三组分超冷 Bose 气体中的 Borromean 液滴

我们研究了三组分超冷玻色子中的液滴形成。特别是，我们确定了 Borromean 液滴的形成，其中只有三元玻色子可以形成自束缚液滴，而任何二元子系统都不能，这是由于集体多体效应引起的 Borromean 结合的第一个例子。它的形成是由第三个分量的密度波动引起的额外吸引力促进的，与二元情况相比，这扩大了平均场坍塌区域，并在结合了量子涨落的排斥力后形成了 Borromean 液滴。在 Borromean 体系之外，我们展示了由于三元和二元液滴之间的竞争而导致的液滴相分离的有趣现象。我们进一步表明，可以通过玻色子数和相互作用强度方便地调整不同液滴和气相之间的转变。该研究揭示了三组分玻色子混合物中量子液滴的丰富物理学，并揭示了多组分系统中形成的更有趣的多体束缚态。

更新日期：2021-07-23

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