Abstract

Striga hermonthica is a major biotic threat to worldwide food security, causing tremendous losses in yields of the main staple crops including sorghum, in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the numerous ways of Striga control available, sorghum production in North Gondar is below its potential. The concept of combining two or more control measures is the current focus. Nitrogen (0, 46, and 92-kilo grams h⁻¹) and cattle manure (0, 10, and 20 tons h⁻¹) application for Striga control in sorghum, was evaluated in 2017/2018, in northwest Ethiopia. Factorial combination in randomized complete block design with three replications and local sorghum ‘Deber’ a test crop was used. The interaction of (N 92 kilogram) and cattle manure (20 t h⁻¹) gave the highest (1.23 t) grain and (13.49 t h⁻¹) biomass with the least Striga counts (81.3 per plot). The lowest biomass, grain, and highest Striga count were in the control. Economic analysis results showed the highest and lowest net returns 24,643 and 7230 Ethiopian birr h⁻¹, in N 92 kg and 20 t h⁻¹ manure and the control, respectively. Therefore, Nitrogen and cattle manure is necessary to control Striga in sorghum and soil rehabilitation through the restoration of biomass productivity and depleting Striga seed bank in the soil. N 92 kg and cattle manure 20 t h⁻¹ can be recommended for the study area.

摘要

独脚金是对全球粮食安全的主要生物威胁，导致撒哈拉以南非洲主要主粮作物（包括高粱）的产量遭受巨大损失。尽管有多种控制独脚金的方法，但北贡德尔的高粱产量低于其潜力。结合两种或多种控制措施的概念是当前的重点。2017/2018 年在埃塞俄比亚西北部评估了氮（0、46 和 92 千克 h ^-1）和牛粪（0、10和 20 吨 h ^-1）在高粱中控制独脚金的应用。使用具有三个重复的随机完整区组设计和当地高粱“Deber”试验作物的因子组合。(N 92 kg) 和牛粪 (20 th ^-1) 给出最高的 (1.23 t) 谷物和 (13.49 th ^-1 ) 生物量，而独脚金数量最少（每块地 81.3）。最低的生物量、谷物和最高的独脚金数在对照中。经济分析结果显示，在 N 92 kg 和 20 th ^-1粪便和对照中，最高和最低的净收益分别为 24,643 和 7230 埃塞俄比亚比尔 h ^-1。因此，氮和牛粪对于通过恢复生物量生产力和消耗土壤中的独脚金种子库来控制高粱中的独脚金和土壤恢复是必要的。N 92 kg 和牛粪 20 th ^-1可推荐用于研究区域。