Dendritic cells (DCs) are the key link between innate immunity and adaptive immunity and play crucial roles in both the promotion of immune defense and the maintenance of immune tolerance. The trafficking of distinct DC subsets across lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues is essential for DC-dependent activation and regulation of inflammation and immunity. DC chemotaxis and migration are triggered by interactions between chemokines and their receptors and regulated by multiple intracellular mechanisms, such as protein modification, epigenetic reprogramming, metabolic remodeling, and cytoskeletal rearrangement, in a tissue-specific manner. Dysregulation of DC migration may lead to abnormal positioning or activation of DCs, resulting in an imbalance of immune responses and even immune pathologies, including autoimmune responses, infectious diseases, allergic diseases and tumors. New strategies targeting the migration of distinct DC subsets are being explored for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases and the development of novel DC-based vaccines. In this review, we will discuss the migratory routes and immunological consequences of distinct DC subsets, the molecular basis and regulatory mechanisms of migratory signaling in DCs, and the association of DC migration with the pathogenesis of autoimmune and infectious diseases.

树突状细胞（DCs）是先天免疫和适应性免疫之间的关键环节，在促进免疫防御和维持免疫耐受中起着至关重要的作用。跨淋巴和非淋巴组织的不同 DC 亚群的运输对于 DC 依赖性激活和炎症和免疫调节至关重要。DC 趋化性和迁移由趋化因子与其受体之间的相互作用触发，并以组织特异性方式受多种细胞内机制调节，例如蛋白质修饰、表观遗传重编程、代谢重塑和细胞骨架重排。DC迁移失调可能导致DC异常定位或激活，导致免疫反应失衡甚至免疫病理，包括自身免疫反应、感染性疾病、过敏性疾病和肿瘤。正在探索针对不同 DC 亚群迁移的新策略，以治疗炎症和传染病以及开发基于 DC 的新型疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论不同 DC 亚群的迁移途径和免疫学后果、DC 迁移信号的分子基础和调控机制，以及 DC 迁移与自身免疫性疾病和传染病发病机制的关联。