In this paper, we address the problem of failure detection and localization in a Timed Discrete Event System (TDES) such \((\max \limits ,+)\)-linear system graphically modeled by a Timed Event Graph (TEG). The considered failures are changes on holding times or tokens of the TEG places that can provoke shifts between an observed outcoming timed flow and an expected outcoming timed flow (for a given incoming timed flow). Indicators are built to first detect such shifts relying on the \((\max \limits ,+)\) algebraic framework and the residuation theory. An analysis of the indicators’ values provides information about time or event failure that could have happen. Then, thanks to the knowledge of the behavior of the system through its corresponding TEG, sets of failures that could explain the detected shifts are obtained. It comes from matrices of signatures for each indicator built on each observable output of the system. An example of application is proposed to experiment exhaustively failures of type time and event on each place of the TEG.

在本文中，我们解决了定时离散事件系统 (TDES) 中的故障检测和定位问题，例如\((\max \limits ,+)\) -由定时事件图 (TEG) 图形建模的线性系统。所考虑的故障是 TEG 位置的保持时间或令牌的变化，这些变化可以引起观察到的输出定时流和预期输出定时流（对于给定的输入定时流）之间的转换。建立指标以首先检测依赖于\((\max \limits ,+)\)代数框架和残差理论。对指标值的分析提供了有关可能发生的时间或事件失败的信息。然后，由于通过其相应的 TEG 了解系统的行为，可以获得可以解释检测到的变化的故障集。它来自建立在系统每个可观察输出上的每个指标的签名矩阵。提出了一个应用示例，在 TEG 的每个位置上对时间和事件类型的故障进行详尽的试验。