Cognitive impairment mainly affects learning and problem solving abilities of the person. Traditional medicines, due to fewer side effects, more efficacy and lesser cost are still the choice of treatment in India. The main objective of the present study is to explore the nootropic potential of ethanol extract of Elettaria cardamomum Maton fruits. The present study was conducted by using exteroceptive behavioral models like elevated plus maze, passive avoidance apparatus and object recognition task at doses 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg. Ethanol extract of E. cardamomum fruits significantly decreased transfer latency and increased step down latency and discrimination index respectively when compared to normal control groups. Piracetam and diazepam exhibited respective rise and fall in memory of the animals. The effect of plant extract on total serum cholesterol, acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde were more effective at two higher doses. However, it decreased serum glucose levels insignificantly whereas a significant rise in brain GSH levels was observed with increasing dose of the extract. The study concludes that the nootropic effect of ethanol extract may be attributable to its anti-oxidant, anti-cholinesterase and cholesterol as well as glucose lowering potential.

中文翻译：

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豆蔻果实（豆蔻）乙醇提取物的促智潜力研究：印度香料

认知障碍主要影响人的学习和解决问题的能力。传统药物由于副作用少、疗效好、成本低，仍然是印度的治疗选择。本研究的主要目的是探索小豆蔻果实乙醇提取物的促智潜力。本研究是通过使用外感受行为模型进行的，如高架十字迷宫、被动回避装置和物体识别任务，剂量为 100、300 和 500 mg/kg。与正常对照组相比，小豆蔻果实的乙醇提取物分别显着降低了转移潜伏期和增加了降压潜伏期和鉴别指数。拉西坦和地西泮在动物记忆中分别表现出上升和下降。植物提取物对总血清胆固醇、乙酰胆碱酯酶和丙二醛的影响在两个更高的剂量下更有效。然而，它微不足道地降低了血清葡萄糖水平，而随着提取物剂量的增加，观察到脑 GSH 水平显着升高。该研究得出结论，乙醇提取物的促智作用可能归因于其抗氧化、抗胆碱酯酶和胆固醇以及降低葡萄糖的潜力。