This study extended the cross-sectional therapist attachment literature by examining longitudinal changes of therapist attachment avoidance and anxiety in relation to client treatment outcome. Data consisted of 942 Outcome Questionnaire-45 assessments (Lambert et al., 1996, 2004) of 213 clients working with 30 therapists from a university clinic that provided psychodynamically/interpersonally oriented individual therapy, and yearly therapist self-report of attachment styles using the Experience in Close Relationships Scale (Brennan et al., 1998) over 2-4 years of training at a university clinic. Using multilevel growth modeling, we found that initial attachment anxiety or avoidance alone were not associated with treatment outcomes. Instead, therapists with small increases in attachment avoidance, from a low avoidance baseline, were more effective in helping clients reduce psychological distress than their peers. Findings suggest that small increases in attachment avoidance may be a beneficial development for trainees, as it may reflect a process of learning emotional boundary regulation (Skovholt & Rønnestad, 2003) and taking on the observer aspect of the participant-observer role (Sullivan, 1953). Current findings challenged the assumption that higher therapist attachment avoidance and anxiety is always associated with worse client outcome and suggested the importance of continuous self-reflection to understand how one's own attachment change impacts their clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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治疗师初始依恋风格、培训期间依恋风格的变化以及心理动力学心理治疗中的客户结果。


这项研究通过检查治疗师依恋回避和焦虑与来访者治疗结果相关的纵向变化，扩展了横断面的治疗师依恋文献。数据包括 942 份结果问卷 45 评估（Lambert 等人，1996 年、2004 年），涉及 213 名客户，他们与来自大学诊所的 30 名治疗师一起工作，提供心理动力学/人际导向的个体治疗，以及治疗师每年使用在大学诊所接受过 2-4 年的亲密关系量表（Brennan 等，1998）培训经验。使用多层次成长模型，我们发现最初的依恋焦虑或回避单独与治疗结果无关。相反，从较低的回避基线开始，依恋回避程度略有增加的治疗师在帮助客户减少心理困扰方面比同龄人更有效。研究结果表明，依恋回避的小幅增加可能对受训者有利，因为它可能反映了学习情绪边界调节的过程（Skovholt & Rønnestad，2003）和承担参与者-观察者角色的观察者方面（Sullivan，1953） ）。目前的研究结果挑战了治疗师较高的依恋回避和焦虑总是与较差的客户结果相关的假设，并表明持续自我反思对于了解自己的依恋变化如何影响其临床实践的重要性。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。