Framed within intersectionality, this multiple case study explores women's participation in physics through the construct of physics identity and with a focus on recognition. The study is drawn upon an empirical life-history exploration of three women: a native to Northwestern Europe, late-career white woman and two immigrant women to Northwestern Europe, one is an undergraduate student of color, and the other, an early career Muslim woman. The data for this study were collected through multiple, semistructured, interviews in a period of 2 years, which were analyzed using a constant comparative method. Collectively, the three life-histories tell stories of otherness, persistence, hope, and failure and they elucidate the kinds of identities that are deemed “in-place” and “out-of-place” in physics. They showcase how the three women authored multiple identities that simply co-existed for them, while for others were seen as conflicting and caused misrecognition. The findings point to four main insights: (a) recognition is neither linear nor binary and it comes in many different forms that range from explicit encouragement to no opposition; (b) it is drawn upon various sources including ones in the early years of life: family, school teachers, university instructor, students, and social community; (c) it is culture-dependent and as such, it is influenced by factors on multiple levels, including cultural and gender stereotypes, organizational policies, racism, sexism, classicism, and other forms of discrimination. The implications of these findings speak to the need for: (a) systemic programs on how women are recognized by others and which seek to widen and diversify physics environments from the school level to the professional level; (b) research exploration of the politics of recognition and how they perpetuate the underrepresentation of women in physics; and, (c) disrupting monolithic theorizations of recognition and adopting intersectional approaches to exploring physics identity that value women's personal histories, subjectivities, and positionalities.

中文翻译：

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物理学内外的身份认同和承认政治

这个多案例研究以交叉性为框架，通过物理身份的构建并重点关注认可，探索了女性参与物理学的情况。该研究基于对三名女性的经验性生活史探索：一名来自西北欧、职业生涯后期的白人女性和两名来自西北欧的移民女性，一名是有色人种的本科生，另一名是职业早期的穆斯林女士。本研究的数据是通过为期 2 年的多次半结构化访谈收集的，并使用恒定比较方法进行分析。三个生命史共同讲述了他者、坚持、希望和失败的故事，它们阐明了物理学中被视为“就地”和“异地”的身份类型。他们展示了这三位女性如何创作多重身份，这些身份对她们来说只是共存，而对其他人来说则被视为相互矛盾并导致误认。研究结果指出了四个主要见解：(a) 承认既不是线性的也不是二元的，它有许多不同的形式，从明确的鼓励到不反对；(b) 它来自各种来源，包括生命早期的来源：家庭、学校教师、大学教师、学生和社会社区；(c) 它依赖于文化，因此受到多个层面因素的影响，包括文化和性别陈规定型观念、组织政策、种族主义、性别歧视、古典主义和其他形式的歧视。这些发现的含义说明需要：(a) 关于妇女如何被他人认可的系统方案，旨在扩大和多样化从学校一级到专业一级的物理环境；(b) 对承认政治及其如何使物理学中女性代表人数不足的问题进行研究探索；(c) 打破单一的认知理论，并采用交叉方法来探索重视女性个人历史、主观性和地位的物理学身份。