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A new electivity index for diet studies that use count data
Limnology and Oceanography: Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10446
Wim J. Kimmerer 1 , Anne M. Slaughter 1
Affiliation  

Electivity indices summarize the results of field-based feeding studies by comparing the relative abundance of a potential prey item with its relative prevalence in the diet of a predator. We developed a new electivity index based on odds ratios calculated from counts of individual prey taxa in ambient samples and in the gut of a predator. Many indices of electivity have been developed, though the literature lacks consensus on which is the best. Why use our index instead of one of these? Most of the extant indices lack the means for assessing uncertainty, treat proportions determined from count data as fixed rather than estimates, and ignore the skewness inherent in binomial data. The new index is calculated by Bayesian estimation from the binomial distributions of proportions in ambient samples and gut contents, providing full likelihoods of the index and its components. Indices from groups of predators can be aggregated without bias using the log odds ratio. Using simulated data, we show how the credible intervals of the index shrink with increasing numbers of total ambient and consumed prey and become increasingly asymmetrical as the index approaches its limits (0 and 1). Applying the method to diet data for an endangered planktivorous fish, we show how aggregating among fish and among samples was necessary to overcome the limitations imposed by low counts and high variability among individual fish. The indices for the smallest of five prey taxa varied inversely with total prey abundance, consistent with optimal foraging theory.

中文翻译:

使用计数数据的饮食研究的新选择性指数

选择性指数通过将潜在猎物的相对丰度与其在捕食者饮食中的相对流行率进行比较,总结了实地喂养研究的结果。我们根据环境样本和捕食者肠道中个体猎物分类群的计数计算出的优势比,开发了一种新的选择性指数。已经开发了许多选择性指数,尽管文献对哪个是最好的缺乏共识。为什么使用我们的索引而不是其中之一?大多数现有指数缺乏评估不确定性的方法,将根据计数数据确定的比例视为固定而不是估计值,并忽略了二项式数据中固有的偏度。新指数是通过贝叶斯估计根据环境样本中的比例和肠道内容物的二项分布计算得出的,提供指数及其组成部分的全部可能性。可以使用对数优势比无偏差地汇总来自捕食者群体的指数。使用模拟数据,我们展示了指数的可信区间如何随着总环境和消耗的猎物数量的增加而缩小,并随着指数接近其极限(0 和 1)而变得越来越不对称。将该方法应用于濒临灭绝的浮游鱼类的饮食数据,我们展示了如何在鱼类和样本之间进行聚合,以克服个体鱼类之间低计数和高变异性所带来的限制。五个猎物分类群中最小的指数与总猎物丰度成反比,与最佳觅食理论一致。使用模拟数据,我们展示了指数的可信区间如何随着总环境和消耗的猎物数量的增加而缩小,并随着指数接近其极限(0 和 1)而变得越来越不对称。将该方法应用于濒临灭绝的浮游鱼类的饮食数据,我们展示了如何在鱼类和样本之间进行聚合,以克服个体鱼类之间低计数和高变异性所带来的限制。五个猎物分类群中最小的指数与总猎物丰度成反比,与最佳觅食理论一致。使用模拟数据,我们展示了指数的可信区间如何随着总环境和消耗的猎物数量的增加而缩小,并随着指数接近其极限(0 和 1)而变得越来越不对称。将该方法应用于濒临灭绝的浮游鱼类的饮食数据,我们展示了如何在鱼类和样本之间进行聚合,以克服个体鱼类之间低计数和高变异性所带来的限制。五个猎物分类群中最小的指数与总猎物丰度成反比,与最佳觅食理论一致。我们展示了如何在鱼之间和样本之间进行聚合,以克服个体鱼之间低计数和高变异性所带来的限制。五个猎物分类群中最小的指数与总猎物丰度成反比,与最佳觅食理论一致。我们展示了如何在鱼之间和样本之间进行聚合,以克服个体鱼之间低计数和高变异性所带来的限制。五个猎物分类群中最小的指数与总猎物丰度成反比,与最佳觅食理论一致。
更新日期:2021-08-17
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