Suicidal ideation (SI) is a direct risk factor for suicide in patients with depression. Regarding the emergence of SI, previous studies have discovered many risk factors, including childhood abuse as the major public problem. Previous imaging studies have demonstrated that SI or childhood abuse has effects on brain structure and function, respectively, but the interaction effects between them have not been fully studied. To explore the interaction effect between SI and childhood abuse, 215 patients with major depressive disorder completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to evaluate childhood abuse and Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation to evaluate SI. Then, they completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within one week after completing questionnaires. Respectively, we preprocessed the structural and functional images and analyzed gray matter volumes (GMV) and mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (mfALFF) values. Results showed that the changes of GMV in the cuneus, precuneus, paracentric lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, and caudate nucleus and local activity in cuneal and middle temporal gyrus are in relation with SI and childhood abuse. And in left caudate, SI and childhood abuse interact with each other on the influence of GMV. That is, the influence of SI in GMV was related to childhood abuse, and the influence of childhood abuse in GMV was also related to SI. Therefore, the combination of SI and childhood abuse based on imaging should help us better understand the suicide ideation developing mechanism and propose more effective targeted prevention strategies for suicide prevention.

中文翻译：

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自杀意念与童年虐待对重度抑郁症患者脑结构和功能的交互作用

自杀意念（SI）是抑郁症患者自杀的直接危险因素。关于 SI 的出现，以往的研究发现了许多风险因素，其中儿童虐待是主要的公共问题。先前的影像学研究表明，SI 或童年虐待分别对大脑结构和功能产生影响，但它们之间的相互作用效应尚未得到充分研究。为了探索 SI 与儿童期虐待之间的交互作用，215 名重度抑郁症患者完成了童年创伤问卷以评估儿童期虐待，并完成了贝克的自杀意念量表以评估 SI。然后，他们在完成问卷调查后的一周内完成了磁共振成像 (MRI)。分别，我们对结构和功能图像进行了预处理，并分析了灰质体积 (GMV) 和低频波动的平均分数幅度 (mfALFF) 值。结果表明，楔叶、楔前叶、旁中心小叶、额下回、尾状核GMV的变化以及楔、颞中回的局部活动与SI和儿童虐待有关。并且在左尾状核中，SI 和童年虐待相互作用对 GMV 的影响。也就是说，SI对GMV的影响与童年虐待有关，而童年虐待对GMV的影响也与SI有关。因此，基于影像学的SI与儿童期虐待相结合，应该有助于我们更好地了解自杀意念的发展机制，并提出更有效的针对性预防策略来预防自杀。