Thermal ablation (TA) for benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) is widely accepted as an effective and safe alternative to surgery. However, studies on the long-term outcomes of TA have reported problems with nodule regrowth and symptom recurrence, which have raised the need for adequate control of regrowth. Therefore, a more complete TA with a longer-lasting treatment effect may be required. In this study, we review and discuss long-term outcomes and regrowth of BTNs following TA and evaluate factors affecting the long-term outcomes. We also discuss the management of regrowth based on long-term outcomes.

中文翻译：

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良性甲状腺结节热消融的长期结果：再生问题

良性甲状腺结节 (BTN) 的热消融 (TA) 被广泛接受为一种有效且安全的手术替代方法。然而，关于 TA 长期结果的研究报告了结节再生长和症状复发的问题，这提出了对再生长进行充分控制的必要性。因此，可能需要具有更持久治疗效果的更完整的 TA。在这项研究中，我们回顾和讨论了 TA 后 BTN 的长期结果和再生，并评估了影响长期结果的因素。我们还讨论了基于长期结果的再生管理。