An updated set of goals and objectives for the Mercury Gamma and Neutron Spectrometer (MGNS) are presented based on the most recent findings of the MESSENGER mission. The updated design of MGNS with the new CeBr₃ crystal for detection of gamma-ray along with its benefits for the detection of ⁴⁰K and K/Th ratio are discussed. MGNS will then be capable of measuring the elemental composition of shallow subsurface in order to empirically evaluate the fittest model on the origin of Mercury, as well as the presence of possible water ice deposits on the permanently shadowed polar craters on the planet. We present the results of the first measurements in space performed during the instrument commissioning phase and during the first Earth flyby which occurred in April 2020.

水星伽玛和中子能谱仪 (MGNS) 的更新目标和目的是根据信使号任务的最新发现提出的。讨论了 MGNS 的更新设计和用于检测伽马射线的新型 CeBr ₃晶体及其在检测⁴⁰ K 和 K/Th 比率方面的优势。然后，MGNS 将能够测量浅层地下的元素组成，以便根据经验评估最适合水星起源的模型，以及地球上永久阴影极地陨石坑上可能存在的水冰沉积物。我们展示了在仪器调试阶段和 2020 年 4 月发生的第一次地球飞越期间进行的首次太空测量的结果。